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Forex

Analysis-Swiss franc carry trade comes fraught with safe-haven rally risk

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By Harry Robertson

LONDON (Reuters) – As investors turn to the Swiss franc as an alternative to Japan’s yen to fund carry trades, the risk of the currency staging one of its rapid rallies remains ever present.

The Swiss franc has long been used in the popular strategy where traders borrow currencies with low interest rates then swap them into others to buy higher-yielding assets.

Its appeal has brightened further as the yen’s has dimmed. Yen carry trades imploded in August after the currency rallied hard on weak U.S. economic data and a surprise Bank of Japan rate hike, helping spark global market turmoil.

The Swiss National Bank (SNB) was the first major central bank to kick off an easing cycle earlier this year and its key interest rate stands at 1.25%, allowing investors to borrow francs cheaply to invest elsewhere.

By comparison, interest rates are in a 5.25%-5.50% range in the United States, 5% in Britain, and 3.75% in the euro zone.

“The Swiss franc is back as a funding currency,” said Benjamin Dubois, global head of overlay management at Edmond de Rothschild Asset Management Suisse.

STABILITY

The franc is near its highest in eight months against the dollar and in nine years against the euro, reflecting its status as a safe-haven currency and expectations for European and U.S. rate cuts.

But investors hope for a gradual decline in the currency’s value that could boost the returns on carry trades.

Speculators have held on to a $3.8 billion short position against the Swiss franc even as they have abruptly moved to a $2 billion long position on the yen, U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission data shows.

Analysts commonly see a large short position as a sign that a currency is being used to fund carry trades.

“There is more two-way risk now in the yen than there has been for quite some time,” said Bank of America senior G10 FX strategist Kamal Sharma. “The Swiss franc looks the more logical funding currency of choice.”

BofA recommends investors buy sterling against the franc, arguing the pound can rally due to the large interest rate gap between Switzerland and Britain, in a call echoed by Goldman Sachs.

The SNB appears set to cut rates further in the coming months as inflation dwindles. That would lower franc borrowing costs and could weigh on the currency, making it cheaper to pay back for those already borrowing it.

Central bankers also appear reluctant to see the currency strengthen further, partly because of the pain it can cause exporters. BofA and Goldman Sachs say they believe the SNB stepped in to weaken the currency in August.

“The SNB will likely guard against currency appreciation through intervention or rate cuts as required,” said Goldman’s G10 currency strategist Michael Cahill.

‘INHERENTLY RISKY’

Yet the , as it is known in currency markets, can be an unreliable friend.

Investors are prone to pile into the currency when they get nervous, thanks to its long-standing safe-haven reputation.

Cahill said the franc is best used as a funding currency at moments when investors are feeling optimistic.

A quick rally in the currency used to fund carry trades can wipe out gains and cause investors to rapidly unwind their positions, as the yen drama showed. High levels of volatility or a drop in the higher-yielding currency can have the same effect.

The SNB and Swiss regulator Finma declined to comment when asked by Reuters about the impact of carry trades on the Swiss currency.

As stock markets tumbled in early August, the Swiss franc jumped as much as 3.5% over two days. The franc-dollar pair has proven sensitive to the U.S. economy, often rallying hard on weak data that causes U.S. Treasury yields to fall.

“Any carry trade is inherently risky and this is particularly true for those funded with safe-haven currencies,” said Michael Puempel, FX strategist at Deutsche Bank.

“The main risk is that when yields move lower in a risk-off environment, yield differentials compress and the Swiss franc can rally,” Puempel added.

A gauge of how much investors expect the Swiss currency to move, derived from options prices, is currently at around its highest since March 2023.

© Reuters. File photo: 200-Swiss-franc banknotes are seen at a Swiss bank in Zurich, Switzerland April 9, 2019.  REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann/File photo

“Considering the central banks, you can see how there may be more sentiment for some carry players to prefer the franc over the yen,” said Nathan Vurgest, head of trading at Record Currency Management.

“The ultimate success of this carry trade might still be dependent on how quickly it can be closed in a risk-off scenario,” Vurgest said, referring to a moment where investors cut their riskier trades to focus on protecting their cash.

Forex

UBS shifts to bearish US dollar view, sees potential GBP strength

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UBS advised investors to sell any potential short-term gains in the US dollar, adopting a more bearish stance on the currency for the medium term. The firm anticipates a possible corrective rebound in September, particularly if the Federal Reserve’s hesitancy to implement rate cuts greater than 25 basis points aligns with the seasonal trend of the US dollar outperforming during this month.

The current market positioning data indicates that the fast money shorts against the dollar are predominantly in the Euro (EUR) and British Pound (GBP), with both currencies potentially vulnerable in the near term. However, UBS views the GBP as a buy on dips, citing a more supportive domestic rates outlook and historical patterns of a strong recovery in sterling from late October to early November.

In contrast, the Japanese Yen (JPY) positioning is relatively neutral, suggesting the unwinding of short-term yen-funded carry trades. The Yen is also gaining from the return of its inverse correlation with equities, which has elevated it to one of the top performers in the G10 currencies.

Moreover, the Swiss Franc (CHF) has performed well and, without significant intervention from the Swiss National Bank (SNB), is expected to remain supported as residual franc shorts are covered. UBS has set a target for at 0.93.

The firm’s updated cross-border mergers and acquisitions tracker reveals a deal balance that is most negative for the Euro (EUR), Australian Dollar (AUD), and Swedish Krona (SEK), but positive for the GBP and JPY. For Australia, the tracker indicates a moderation in the rising trend of the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) balance, which has reached a 12-month surplus of 2.1% of GDP in the second quarter, the highest since pre-Covid times. This is supported by strong demand for Australian fixed income, which is helping to offset a widening current account deficit.

UBS notes that Australian goods export volumes have remained stable, suggesting that the worsening trade balance is due to falling commodity export prices and rising import volumes. However, they believe the impact on the AUD may be limited as the currency did not significantly appreciate during the post-Covid commodity price surge, and the increase in imports may reflect strong domestic demand, which is why UBS maintains a constructive outlook on the AUD.

This article was generated with the support of AI and reviewed by an editor. For more information see our T&C.

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BCA Research predicts US dollar rebound amid global trade worries

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BCA Research provided insights into the anticipated monetary policy actions by central banks in China and the United States. The research firm expects Chinese authorities to lower interest rates on existing mortgage loans, while the Federal Reserve is predicted to begin its monetary easing cycle.

According to BCA Research, a potential 100-basis-point cut in Chinese mortgage rates could save homeowners in China approximately RMB 300 billion ($44.7 billion) annually on interest payments.

Despite these potential savings, BCA Research suggests that the impact on China’s broader economy would be limited. The firm points out that subdued consumption is likely to persist due to factors such as weak labor market prospects, slower income growth, and household reluctance to take on new debt.

BCA Research also commented on the recent appreciation of the (RMB), deeming it unsustainable over the next six months. The firm believes that even with the Federal Reserve’s easing, the U.S. economy is not likely to be steered away from a recession. In this context, BCA Research views the U.S. dollar as a counter-cyclical currency that is expected to rebound.

Looking ahead, BCA Research anticipates that a U.S. recession could evolve into a global trade contraction by early 2025. The firm points to China’s economic vulnerability to such a downturn, which could negatively affect the value of the RMB.

Moreover, BCA Research forecasts that China will continue to experience disinflationary or deflationary pressures, necessitating the central bank to keep policy rates low. This environment of low interest rates coupled with modest growth is anticipated to restrain any significant appreciation of the Chinese yuan against the U.S. dollar.

This article was generated with the support of AI and reviewed by an editor. For more information see our T&C.

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Forex

Asia FX firms, yen at 8-mth peak as dollar retreats after presidential debate

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Investing.com– Most Asian currencies gained ground on Wednesday as the dollar retreated in the wake of a fiery U.S. presidential debate, with focus turning to key upcoming inflation data due later in the day.

The Japanese yen was among the biggest beneficiaries of this trade, with increased safe haven demand after the debate putting the yen at its strongest level since early-January. The yen also benefited from somewhat hawkish-leaning comments from Bank of Japan officials. 

Broader Asian currencies advanced on Wednesday, seeing some relief from a softer dollar. But regional markets were still nursing steep losses over the past week amid waning risk appetite.

Dollar dips after presidential debate; CPI awaited 

The and both fell about 0.2% in Asian trade, with losses in the greenback coming in the wake of a fiery presidential debate between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump. 

The debate furthered expectations for a hotly contested 2024 presidential race, which could present a major point of uncertainty for markets, given the contrasting views on policy pushed by both candidates. Harris and Trump both veered from the presented topics to engage in personal attacks against each other.

The dollar was also on the backfoot ahead of key inflation data due later in the day, which is widely expected to provide more cues on interest rates.

The reading comes just a week before a , where investors expect the central bank to cut rates by at least 25 basis points. 

Japanese yen at 8-mth high on safe haven demand, BOJ hawkspeak

The yen was the best performer in Asia, with the pair falling 0.8% to 141.38 yen- its lowest level since early-January. 

The currency benefited from some safe haven plays, as uncertainty over the U.S. election ramped up after Tuesday’s debate. 

But a main point of support for the yen was hawkish comments from BOJ member Junko Nakagawa, who said that the central bank will continue to raise interest rates if inflation moves in line with its forecast. 

Nakagawa’s comments come following a slew of hawkish signals from the BOJ, and were also made just a week before a BOJ meeting. Investors are uncertain over another rate hike by the central bank, following a 15 basis point raise in late-July. 

Broader Asian currencies advanced, albeit slightly, as focus turned to the upcoming U.S. CPI reading.

The Chinese yuan’s pair fell 0.1%, but the yuan remained on the backfoot as U.S. policymakers proposed several more trade restrictions against Beijing.

The South Korean won’s pair fell 0.3%, while the Singapore dollar’s pair shed 0.2%.

The Indian rupee’s pair steadied near 84 rupees, while the Australian dollar’s pair was flat after sliding from over nine-month highs over the past week.

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