Commodities
Analysis-Trans Mountain expansion may not give long-term price relief to Canada’s booming oil output
© Reuters. The last section of pipeline is assembled on the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion project before operations are expected to begin in the second quarter of 2024, near Laidlaw, British Columbia, Canada, February 18, 2024. REUTERS/Chris Helgren/File Photo
By Nia Williams
(Reuters) – Canadian oil producers expect the discount on their crude to shrink significantly when the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion (TMX) starts this year, but the relief may be short-lived as surging supply looks set to exceed the country’s pipeline capacity in just a few years.
TMX will ship an extra 590,000 barrels per day (bpd) of crude, trebling existing capacity to Canada’s Pacific Coast once the C$30.9 billion ($22.8 billion) expansion is finally complete. The Canadian government-owned project has hit technical issues on its final leg of construction, but is still targeting a second quarter in-service date.
For much of the last decade, oil companies in the world’s No. 4 producing country have been forced to sell their barrels at a deep discount to global prices due to lack of pipeline capacity to export crude.
Once TMX is operating, Canadian heavy crude differentials should narrow to around $10-$12 a barrel under U.S. benchmark crude from more than $19 a barrel currently, BMO analyst Ben Pham said in a note to clients last week.
He estimated the expansion would lift Canada’s total takeaway capacity to 5.2 million bpd, leaving 220,000 bpd of unused space on pipelines.
Still, oil sands production is rising so rapidly that some market players think Canada could again run out of pipeline space in less than two years, said RBN Energy analyst Martin King.
“Originally it was thought TMX would give us a four- or five-year window,” King said. “It now looks like that window of spare capacity might actually be a lot smaller.”
Canadian producers could add up to 500,000 bpd of supply this year and next year alone, Colin Gruending, executive vice president of liquids pipelines at midstream firm Enbridge (NYSE:) Inc, estimated on an earnings call this month.
The prospect for more bottlenecks would likely widen the discount again, and could deter companies from longer-term investments in growing Canada’s production.
For existing pipeline operators, the rising production and strong demand for capacity is good news. Enbridge said it may continue rationing space on its 3.1 million bpd Mainline pipeline system even once TMX starts operating, allaying concerns among some analysts the company could see a drop in volumes and revenues.
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Most of the new capacity on TMX will be for heavy crude barrels, meaning light and synthetic is most likely to face rationing on the Mainline and any resulting price discounts, said RBN’s King.
The new capacity on TMX will give heavy crude producers a choice of sending barrels to the U.S. west coast and Asia, or to the U.S. Midwest and Gulf Coast on existing pipelines.
On a recent earnings call, Imperial Oil (NYSE:) CEO Brad Corson said having spare pipeline capacity would lift the value of heavy crude for the entire Canadian oil industry.
Imperial will continue to move most of its barrels to the Midwest and Gulf Coast, while keeping a look out for the highest-value markets, he added.
Ryan Bushell, president of Newhaven Asset Management, which holds shares in pipeline companies including Enbridge, said TMX would likely run at less than full capacity if strong pricing on the Gulf Coast, the world’s largest heavy crude refining centre, drew barrels onto pipelines heading south.
“It all depends on where the best pricing is, for the first time in a long time producers will have optionality,” Bushell said.
No matter how fast TMX fills up, it is likely to be Canada’s last major export pipeline ever built, due to regulatory hurdles, environmental opposition and uncertainty about future oil demand.
“The potential for brand new pipelines getting built is pretty close to zero,” RBN’s King said.
($1 = 1.3542 Canadian dollars)
Investing.com – With another day of gains in and futures, the Swiss group Julius Baer has decided to change its outlook on commodities to constructive. The group now believes that both metals have the potential for further increases, as stated in a note sent to clients and the market on Friday morning.
The group mentioned that, in addition to U.S. monetary policy, the gold market is still dominated by Asia. “We have to recognize that the region’s willingness to pay for gold as a hedge against economic and geopolitical risks appears even greater than we expected,” said Carsten Menke, head of next-generation research at Julius Baer.
Weaker-than-expected U.S. economic data have revived hopes for interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve (Fed, the U.S. central bank), boosting gold and silver prices. This could “be the missing incentive for safe-haven seekers in the Western world to return to the markets,” he added.
Central Bank Purchases in Focus
Central banks have been buying gold more for geopolitical reasons than economic ones, according to Julius Baer. In China, for example, there is a desire to reduce dependence on the U.S. dollar – important for avoiding potential sanctions.
The People’s Bank of China is believed to be responsible for at least 30% to 50% of all central bank purchases over the past two years. Although it shows signs of being price-sensitive, “its willingness to pay has increased as gold prices rise,” notes Julius Baer. It is expected that other monetary authorities will follow the same steps, moving away from the U.S. dollar.
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Over the past three weeks, US prices have surged 30% to above $2.50 per million British thermal units (mm/BTU), fueled by production declines and increased feedgas demand for liquified natural gas (LNG) exports.
Moreover, recent producer cuts, maintenance events, and Freeport LNG’s normalization of gas demand post-outage have contributed to this rise. Cheniere’s announcement of no heavy maintenance for its liquefaction trains this year also supports higher prices.
In a Thursday note, Goldman Sachs strategists said the return of gas prices above $2/mmBtu aligns with their expectations, as production curtailments “would ultimately lead to lower storage congestion risks for this summer.”
“That said, we see only limited further upside from current levels, with stronger gas prices risking a return of congestion concerns,” they added.
Goldman notes that prices above $2/mmBtu reduce gas competitiveness compared to coal, with a $0.50/mmBtu increase potentially cutting gas demand by 1 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d), especially in shoulder months.
Moreover, higher prices may prompt the restart of previously shut-in wells. EQT (ST:), the largest producer in the Appalachia region, indicated it would resume production if prices sustainably exceed $1.50/mmBtu. And while Appalachia prices haven’t risen as much as NYMEX, the local hub has averaged $1.44/mmBtu month-to-date, up 10¢ from last month, strategists highlighted.
Elsewhere, European gas prices have also risen this summer, though less sharply than in the US.
Title Transfer Facility (TTF) prices increased 18% over the past three months to around 30 euros per megawatt-hour (MWh), holding steady in May.
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However, unlike the US market, this rally lacks fundamental support, with Northwest (NW) European gas storage at record-high levels, Goldman strategists pointed out.
“To be sure, NW European LNG imports have remained weak relative to last year – and are likely to get weaker in the coming weeks owing to a seasonal decline in global LNG production, exacerbated by outages at Australia’s Gorgon export project,” they said.
“Going forward, we expect healthy non-European demand for LNG to continue to incentivize a decline in European LNG imports vs last year,” they continued.
Investing.com– Gold prices fell slightly on Friday, trimming some of their gains for the week as comments from a slew of Federal Reserve officials offered a more sobering outlook on interest rate cuts.
The yellow metal had risen to nearly $2,400 an ounce this week in the immediate aftermath of some soft U.S. economic readings. But it pulled back from these levels on Thursday and Friday.
steadied at $2,377.40 an ounce, while expiring in June fell slightly to $2,381.10 an ounce by 00:19 ET (04:19 GMT).
Gold retreats as Fed officials downplay rate cuts, but weekly gains due
The yellow metal fell on Thursday after a string of Fed officials cautioned against bets on immediate reductions in interest rates.
Several members of the central bank’s rate setting committee said the central bank will need much more convincing that inflation was coming down beyond a marginally soft inflation reading for April.
This saw traders begin pricing out some expectations for a rate cut in September. The and also rebounded from earlier losses this week.
Still, some softer-than-expected readings put gold on course for a 0.7% weekly gain.
The yellow metal was also in sight of a record high of above $2,430 an ounce, although it appeared unlikely the level would be met in the near-term.
Other precious metals retreated on Friday, but were set for bumper weekly gains. fell 0.2% but were trading up 6.2% for the week, while fell 0.4% but were up 4.5% this week.
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Copper mixed amid middling China cues
Among industrial metals, one-month copper futures tumbled from two-year highs tracking middling economic data. But three-month copper futures pushed higher and were set for a stellar week as markets bet on tighter supplies and an eventual demand recovery in the coming months.
on the London Metal Exchange rose 0.6% to $10,445.0 a ton, while rose 0.3% to $4.8935 a pound.
Data from China on Friday painted a mixed picture of the economy. While grew more than expected, growth slowed and shrank at an accelerated pace. Growth in Chinese also slowed.
The readings presented a muddled outlook for the world’s biggest copper importer, as it rolled out more stimulus measures to shore up growth.
Three-month copper futures gained on the prospect of a demand recovery, and were up nearly 4% this week. They were also at two-year highs.
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