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Commodities

Explainer-Why calls for oil embargo on Israel are unlikely to go anywhere

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Explainer-Why calls for oil embargo on Israel are unlikely to go anywhere
© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: A view shows the logo of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) on their headquarters in Vienna, Austria, June 2, 2023. REUTERS/Leonhard Foeger/File Photo

By Ahmad Ghaddar

LONDON (Reuters) – Israel’s military offensive in Gaza that followed an Oct. 7 attack by the enclave’s ruling Islamist group Hamas has raised calls in the Middle East, particularly from OPEC member Iran, for using oil as a weapon to punish Israel.

The conflict has led many analysts, oil market watchers and politicians to draw parallels with the 1973 OPEC embargo, when Arab oil producers cut off oil exports to several allies of Israel, including the United States and Britain, following the Israeli-Arab war that year.

Analysts and OPEC sources, however, say that the energy world nowadays is far different from 50 years ago, playing down any possibility of a new embargo.

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies led by Russia, or OPEC+, meet in Vienna on Sunday to decide on output policy, and sources have told Reuters that additional output cuts are likely to be discussed.

WHERE ARE CALLS FOR EMBARGO COMING FROM?

Last month, Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amirabdollahian urged members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) to impose an oil embargo and other sanctions on Israel and expel all Israeli ambassadors.

Four sources from OPEC, which produces a third of the world’s oil and includes several Muslim states including Iran, told Reuters at the time that no immediate action or emergency meetings were planned by the group in light of Iran’s comments.

On Sunday, Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei appealed to Muslim states that have normalised relations with Israel to cut them for at least “a limited time”, weeks after he called for an Islamic oil and food embargo on Israel.

During a joint summit between members of the OIC and the Arab League in Riyadh on Nov. 11, Muslim states did not agree to impose wide-ranging sanctions on Israel, as requested by Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi.

WHAT HAPPENED BACK IN 1973?

In 1973, Arab OPEC producers led by Saudi Arabia imposed an oil embargo on the United States in retaliation for its support for Israel in the Middle East war in October of that year. The embargo, and subsequent output cuts, soon added other countries as targets, including the Netherlands, Britain and Japan.

The embargo led to severe shortages with long queues forming at gas stations. The negative impact on the U.S. economy was significant.

The embargo led to a spike in oil prices, but over the longer term the crisis encouraged the development of new oil provinces outside the Middle East like the North Sea and deepwater assets, as well as alternative energy sources.

WHY IS ANOTHER EMBARGO UNLIKELY?

While Western countries were the main buyers of oil produced by Arab countries a half century ago, nowadays Asia is the main customer for OPEC’s crude, accounting for about 70% of the group’s total exports.

“The geopolitical environment is different compared to 50 years ago,” one OPEC source said about why a new embargo was not in prospect.

“A 1970s-style oil embargo by the Gulf oil-producing states appears unlikely because two-thirds of GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) oil exports today are purchased by Asian clients and, importantly, the economic transformation currently planned and implemented in the region requires a sustained absence of conflict,” JPM Morgan said in a note.

Morgan Bazilian, director of the Payne Institute, said the energy landscape has changed substantially over the past 50 years. “The U.S. is now the largest producer of oil and gas, and has a long-established strategic petroleum reserve.”

Commodities

Gold prices hit record high on rate cut bets, Trump assassination attempt

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Investing.com– Gold prices hit a record high in Asian trade on Monday amid growing bets that the Federal Reserve will cut interest rates by a bigger margin later this week.

Reports of a second assassination attempt on Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump also spurred some demand for safe havens, although Trump appeared to be unharmed, and the assailant apprehended. 

Asian trading volumes were somewhat limited by market holidays in Japan, China, and South Korea.

rose 0.4% to a record high of $2,589.02 an ounce, while expiring in December rose 0.1% to $2,613.70 an ounce. 

Gold benefits from rate cut bets as Fed looms 

A softer allowed for more strength in gold prices, as markets awaited a Fed meeting.

The central bank is widely expected to on Wednesday, although markets are split between a 25 or 50 basis point cut. 

showed markets split exactly 50% over the two options, with bets on a bigger cut coming back into play on concerns over weakness in the labor market. 

The central bank is also expected to kick off an easing cycle from this week, with analysts expecting at least 100 bps of rate cuts by the end of the year.

Lower rates bode well for precious metals, given that they reduce the opportunity cost of investing in non-yielding assets. 

rose 0.4% to $1,004.80 an ounce, while rose 0.8% to $31.332 an ounce.

Trump assassination attempt spurs some safe haven demand 

Gold saw some safe haven demand after reports of a second assassination attempt on Trump, this time at his golf course in Florida. 

But secret service agents foiled the attempt in a reported shootout with the assailant, who was later apprehended by authorities. Trump was unharmed during the event, stating as much in a message on his fundraising website. 

Copper prices steady after weak Chinese data

Among industrial metals, copper prices benefited from a softer dollar. But gains in the red metal were held back by a string of weak economic readings from China, the world’s biggest copper importer.

Benchmark on the London Metal Exchange rose 0.1% to $9,276.0 a ton, while one-month rose 0.1% to $4.2225 a pound. 

A string of data released from China over the weekend showed and grew less than expected in August, while rose and fell. 

The readings ramped up concerns over an economic slowdown in the country, which could bode poorly for its appetite for copper. But ANZ analysts said that the government could now have more impetus to release stimulus measures.

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Commodities

Oil prices edge higher ahead of Fed interest rate decision

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By Robert Harvey

LONDON (Reuters) -Oil prices edged higher on Monday as ongoing disruption to U.S. Gulf oil infrastructure balanced persistent demand concerns after a fresh round of Chinese data while investors await a likely cut to U.S. interest rates this week.

futures for November were up 46 cents, or 0.64%, at $72.07 a barrel by 1207 GMT. futures for October rose 52 cents, or 0.76%, to $69.17.

The market is likely to remain cautious until the Federal Reserve makes its interest rate decision on Wednesday, said Phillip Nova analyst Priyanka Sachdeva, adding that prices are still supported by some supply worries given that some capacity remains offline in the Gulf of Mexico.

Traders are increasingly betting on rate cut of 50 basis points (bps) rather than 25 bps, as shown by the CME FedWatch tool that tracks fed fund futures.

Lower interest rates typically reduce the cost of borrowing, which can boost economic activity and lift demand for oil.

However, a cut of 50 bps could also signal weakness in the U.S. economy, which could raise concerns over oil demand, said OANDA analyst Kelvin Wong.

Saxo Bank analyst Ole Hansen, meanwhile, said activity is likely to remain light ahead of the Fed meeting, adding that the outcome “looks like a coin toss between 25 and 50 bps”.

Nearly a fifth of crude oil production and 28% of output in the Gulf of Mexico remains offline in the aftermath of Hurricane Francine.

Weaker Chinese economic data released over the weekend dampened market sentiment, with the low-for-longer growth outlook in the world’s second-largest economy reinforcing doubts over oil demand, IG market strategist Yeap Jun Rong said in an email.

Industrial output growth in China, the world’s top oil importer, slowed to a five-month low in August while retail sales and new home prices weakened further.

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: An aerial view shows tugboats helping a crude oil tanker to berth at an oil terminal, off Waidiao Island in Zhoushan, Zhejiang province, China July 18, 2022. cnsphoto via REUTERS/File Photo

Oil refinery output also fell for a fifth month as weak fuel demand and export margins curbed production.

Brent and WTI each gained about 1% last week but remain comfortably below their August averages of $78.88 and $75.43 a barrel respectively after a price slide around the start of this month driven in part by demand concerns.

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Commodities

Oil prices rise as rate cut hopes, Francine disruption offset demand fears

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Investing.com — Oil prices rose Monday, benefiting from ongoing disruption to U.S. Gulf oil production as well as a softer dollar ahead of an expected interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve later this week.

At 08:05 ET (12:05 GMT), rose 0.7% to $72.11 a barrel, while rose 0.8% to $68.30 a barrel.

Rate cuts in focus as Fed meeting looms

A softer was the biggest point of support for oil prices, as markets positioned for an from the Fed on Wednesday. 

The central bank is likely to kick off an easing cycle, although traders are split over a 25 or 50 basis point cut. 

Still, lower rates bode well for economic growth, which in turn could help keep U.S. fuel demand supported in the coming months. 

Continued disruption in Gulf of Mexico

Also helping the tone was the continued disruption of production in the Gulf of Mexico following the arrival of Hurricane Francine. 

Nearly a fifth of crude oil production and 28% of natural gas output in U.S. Gulf of Mexico federal waters remains offline, the U.S. offshore energy regulator said on Sunday.

Francine hit Louisiana as a Category 2 hurricane on Wednesday, eventually cutting power in four southern states.

Chinese economic data underwhelms 

But gains were capped by persistent concerns over slowing demand, especially following a slew of weaker-than-expected economic data from China over the weekend.

and both missed expectations, while rose and fell. 

The readings ramped up concerns that slowing economic growth in the world’s biggest oil importer will dent its appetite for crude.

Analysts at ANZ said Beijing was likely to roll out more stimulus measures to help support local economic growth, although they still expect gross domestic product to come below the government’s 5% target in the third quarter. 

Concerns over China saw both the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and the International Energy Agency slash their outlook for oil demand growth in the current year.

Holidays in China and Japan also kept trading volumes relatively slim. 

(Ambar Warrick contribute to this article.)

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