Cryptocurrency
BEVM Unveils Groundbreaking Taproot Consensus for Decentralized Bitcoin Layer 2 Solution

[PRESS RELEASE – Cardiff, 英国, May 26th, 2024]
On May 20, 2024, the Bitcoin Layer2 development team BEVM released the technical yellow paper titled “Taproot Consensus: A Decentralized BTC Layer2 Solution.” This paper details the implementation of Taproot Consensus, leveraging native Bitcoin technologies such as Schnorr signatures, MAST, and Bitcoin SPV nodes to build a fully decentralized BTC Layer2 solution. Taproot Consensus represents a significant leap in native Bitcoin scalability, combining existing Bitcoin technologies innovatively without modifying Bitcoin’s core code.
I. History of Bitcoin’s Technical Iterations
- October 31, 2008: Satoshi Nakamoto published “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System,” introducing Bitcoin and the concept of SPV (Simple Payment Verification).
- January 3, 2009: Nakamoto mined the Genesis Block, launching Bitcoin. The original code used ECDSA for digital signatures instead of the more suitable Schnorr signatures, which were under patent protection at the time. Schnorr signatures retain all the functionalities and security assumptions of ECDSA and can surpass the 15-signature limit of ECDSA, enabling the management of Bitcoin with thousands of addresses without affecting signing speed.
- 2018: Bitcoin core developers proposed integrating Schnorr signatures into the Bitcoin network.
- November 14, 2021: The Taproot upgrade integrated Schnorr signatures and introduced MAST (Merkelized Abstract Syntax Trees), enabling smart contract-like capabilities and decentralized multi-signature management.
- The Taproot Consensus solution by BEVM builds on these advancements, combining Schnorr signatures and MAST to manage multi-signature addresses and enable complex business scenarios in Bitcoin Layer2.
II. Overview of the Taproot Consensus Solution:
The yellow paper begins by highlighting Bitcoin’s non-Turing complete nature and limited functionality for smart contracts. It argues for using Bitcoin’s existing capabilities to build a decentralized Layer2 solution rather than modifying Bitcoin Layer1.
BEVM’s Taproot Consensus combines Bitcoin’s Taproot technology (Schnorr signatures and MAST), Bitcoin SPV light nodes, and the BFT PoS consensus mechanism to create a decentralized and consistent Layer2 network.
III. Detailed Explanation of Taproot Consensus Architecture
The Taproot Consensus architecture comprises three main components: Schnorr+MAST, Bitcoin SPV, and Aura+Grandpa.
· Schnorr+MAST: Uses these technologies from the Taproot upgrade to achieve decentralized Bitcoin multi-signature management driven by Bitcoin code.
· Bitcoin SPV: Allows synchronization and verification of Bitcoin transactions without running a full node.
· Aura + Grandpa: Advanced PoS consensus protocols for Byzantine fault tolerance, ensuring high consistency among network nodes.
In the BEVM system, each validator holds a BTC private key for Schnorr signatures. The aggregated public key forms a MAST tree, enabling BTC transfers and inscriptions to the threshold signature address. Validators act as Bitcoin SPV light nodes, synchronizing the BTC network state securely and permissionlessly. Aura+Grandpa ensures the Layer2 network’s security and trustworthiness, with assets managed by BFT consensus.
The operating principle of Taproot Consensus is: “In the BEVM system, each validator holds a BTC private key for Schnorr signatures. The characteristic of Schnorr signatures enables efficient signature aggregation, thereby enhancing the system’s security and efficiency. The aggregated public key Pagg, generated through the Musig2 multi-signature scheme, forms a large MAST (Merkle Abstract Syntax Tree). After generating the root hash of the MAST tree, validators perform BTC transfers and inscriptions to the threshold signature address generated by the MAST tree, enabling the submission of data from the BTC mainnet to the BEVM network. Each validator also acts as a Bitcoin SPV (Simplified Payment Verification) light node, allowing them to securely and permissionlessly synchronize the BTC network state.”
IV. Other Technical Details in the Yellow Paper – True Decentralization
The yellow paper also details the implementation of Schnorr signatures, MAST, Bitcoin SPV light nodes, and Aura+Grandpa, providing a comprehensive technical outline for those interested in Bitcoin technologies. It explains the Musig2 implementation and contrasts with other BTC Layer2 projects like Mezo, which uses the tBTC protocol. Unlike tBTC, which relies on a network of nine signatories, Taproot Consensus integrates multi-signature networks with BFT PoS consensus, achieving true decentralization.
Moreover, the yellow paper explains the implementation process of Musig2 and the differences between other BTC Layer2 projects like Mezo and Taproot Consensus. Mezo’s underlying technical structure is based on the tBTC protocol, which uses Bitcoin multi-signature to construct a threshold signature network, offering strong consistency compared to traditional distributed networks. However, tBTC still relies on a network of nine signatories, whereas a truly decentralized system should be consensus-driven, combining multi-signature networks with BFT PoS (Byzantine Fault Tolerance Proof of Stake) consensus mechanisms. This is the difference between distributed networks and blockchains; distributed networks emphasize distribution but lack Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus, whereas blockchains, while also being distributed networks, are driven by Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus, achieving true decentralization. The Taproot Consensus solution adopts this more advanced design. By integrating Schnorr signatures, MAST, Bitcoin SPV light nodes, and Aura and Grandpa Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanisms, it constructs a highly consistent and secure decentralized Layer2 scalability solution. This integration enhances the scalability and usability of the Bitcoin network and ensures the security and consistency of the BEVM network.
Conclusion
The BEVM team’s technical yellow paper comprehensively describes Taproot Consensus, a Bitcoin Layer2 solution built entirely on native Bitcoin technologies. It respects and innovates on Bitcoin’s original technological direction, making it a true evolution of native Bitcoin scalability technology. As the Bitcoin ecosystem evolves, solutions like Taproot Consensus will be crucial for its development, serving as major cornerstones for truly decentralized Bitcoin Layer2 solutions.
About BEVM
BEVM is the first fully decentralized, EVM-compatible Bitcoin Layer 2 solution. It allows Ethereum ecosystem DApps to operate on Bitcoin, using BTC as gas. BEVM enhances Bitcoin’s utility by providing a secure and scalable platform for decentralized applications. The system integrates advanced consensus mechanisms, cross-chain interaction, and robust data integrity to ensure a seamless experience. BEVM aims to innovate within the Bitcoin ecosystem by offering increased scalability, security, and compatibility with popular Ethereum tools and applications.
For more information, users can visit BEVm’s official website or follow BEVM on Twitter.
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Cryptocurrency
Crypto Price Analysis June-07: ETH, XRP, ADA, SOL, and HYPE

This week, we examine Ethereum, Ripple, Cardano, Solana, and Hype in greater detail.
Ethereum (ETH)
Ethereum had another flat week in terms of price action, ending it with a minor loss of 1%. The price has been moving sideways since early May, holding just above the key support at $2,400.
This long consolidation could signal some indecision from market participants, but it can also be the precursor of a major move later on. The recent re-test of the key support could be a sign of weakness, and another drop to that level could lead to a breakdown.
ETH had a fantastic performance in April, but its momentum suddenly stopped in May and June. Volume is declining, and this could give sellers an opportunity to push the price back towards $2,000 if $2,400 falls.
Ripple (XRP)
XRP closed the week with a modest 2% gain. This comes after the price nearly touched the $2 support level. Ideally, buyers return here to take this cryptocurrency back to $2.3, which is currently acting as a resistance.
Similarly to Ethereum, volume has been declining since the start of the year. This explains the low volatility and lack of strength to sustain a rally that can see XRP revisit $3, as in January.
Looking ahead, the momentum indicators are turning flat and give no clear direction, considering the price has been bouncing between $2 and $2.6 for over three months. Until XRP breaks away from this range, don’t expect any major changes.
Cardano (ADA)
ADA has had a disappointing year so far. Since January, its price has fallen by over 40% from its highs around $1. While the asset found good support at $0.64, buyers failed to move it much beyond this level at the time of this post. This is why the price is similar to last week.
Ideally, ADA will hold above $0.64 and make its way towards $0.90, which is the most important resistance on the chart. However, if the overall market remains undecided or turns bearish, it is unlikely ADA can sustain an uptrend.
Looking ahead, Cardano appears to have found a local bottom at $0.64, but this still appears fragile. Bulls really need to break above $0.90 to restore confidence in a sustained rally.
Solana (SOL)
Solana suffered a major defeat this week when its price fell below the support at $152. At the time of this post, buyers are trying to reclaim this level, but it is too early to call it. SOL also closed the week with a 2% loss.
The next few days are critical for this cryptocurrency because bulls are on the defensive, and any weakness could see sellers take SOL towards $130 next. If so, the current downtrend will be reinforced.
Solana may fall to $130 or even $100 if the price action does not turn around soon. The odds are against it, considering the 3-day MACD did a bearish cross on Friday. This is a major bearish signal.
Hype (HYPE)
HYPE closed the week with a 7% gain, which makes it the best performer on our list. This comes after HYPE was listed on several major exchanges such as Binance, Bybit, and OKX.
While this news was bullish in the short term, the price action seems to show the opposite. Based on the weekly candles, we can see that HYPE appears to have topped around $40 and is making lower highs since then. This could be the start of a longer consolidation or pullback around $30.
Looking ahead, HYPE remains a very competitive coin that has reached the top 10 altcoins by market capitalization if we exclude stablecoins. This is an impressive achievement, but also shows that exponential growth from here on will be more difficult, considering its $11 billion market cap.
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Cryptocurrency
AB Launches on Binance

[PRESS RELEASE – Dublin, Ireland, June 7th, 2025]
AB DAO announced that its native token $AB officially began trading on Binance Alpha—Binance’s early-access, exclusive listing platform. What strategic considerations led AB to choose Alpha, and what role does this phase play in the “AB Anywhere” cross-chain asset vision? This report delves into the AB team’s rationale and plans. Users can refer to the official Binance announcement: https://x.com/binance/status/1931229650543583317)
Putting Technology and Liquidity to the Test on Alpha
For any emerging blockchain network, a first exchange listing is a comprehensive trial of both technology and operations. Although the AB team has conducted multiple internal and third-party security audits on AB Core and the AB Connect cross-chain protocol, real-world user environments often hide unforeseen risks. By listing on Binance Alpha—where contracts undergo Binance’s rigorous security review—the team can identify on-chain performance bottlenecks and deploy optimizations rapidly. Alpha’s user base is targeted and highly active, with a penchant for exploring new projects. By observing their trading behavior and cross-chain experiences in real time, the AB team can make iterative improvements and preempt potential issues.
Partnering with Binance to Elevate AB’s Global Influence
As a leading exchange, Binance boasts hundreds of millions of users and a mature risk-management system. Early collaboration with Binance allows AB to secure concentrated, high-quality media coverage and community attention during the Alpha phase.
High-performance modular network: AB Core mainnet is live, supported by AB IoT sidechain and the AB Connect protocol for seamless cross-chain interoperability.
Multi-chain wallet: AB Wallet already supports BSC️AB transactions and multi-asset management.
Global, multi-language community: AB’s English, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Thai, Indonesian, and Vietnamese communities exceed ten million users.
Decentralized philanthropy: The AB Foundation’s global charity initiatives have earned Binance’s endorsement, further boosting AB’s brand reputation.
Refinement through Diverse, International Feedback
From the outset, AB has pursued a global mindset. Following the Alpha listing, regional communities sprang into action, providing diverse feedback that has been instrumental in data-driven product improvements—especially for AB Wallet. Next, the team will launch a small-scale on-chain governance trial on the testnet, inviting early token holders to vote on a minor charity donation proposal. This exercise, now successfully completed, lays the groundwork for future governance and strengthens community trust.
Future Outlook: Becoming the Ubiquitous Cross-Chain Asset
With Alpha behind it, AB’s roadmap is clear:
Technical expansion: In H2 2025, complete bilateral integrations with additional blockchain ecosystems to extend the “AB Anywhere” footprint, while employing strategies to reduce cross-chain transfer costs and boost capital efficiency.
Governance enhancements: Building on the pilot proposal, AB DAO will refine its proposal and voting workflows. The AB Foundation will enhance on-chain mechanisms to sustain donor confidence in transparency and impact.
Having amassed technical and operational know-how in the first half of the year, the AB team is poised to enter the global mainstream market with maturity. AB will soon fulfill its vision as the truly “ubiquitous cross-chain asset.”
About AB
AB is a high-performance, modular, heterogeneous blockchain network. Its native token $AB is deployed across chains via AB Connect, realizing the “AB Anywhere” concept. AB focuses on driving stablecoin issuance, payment network infrastructure, and decentralized philanthropy—building an open, trusted global value infrastructure.
Website: https://ab.org
Global Community: https://www.ab.org/community
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Cryptocurrency
Here’s How The Crypto Market Performed in May, According to Binance Research

The research arm of the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchange has released a report highlighting key developments and market movements in the digital asset sector for May. The analysis provides insights into growth and challenges observed across various sectors, including decentralized finance (DeFi), exchange-traded funds (ETFs), gaming, and tokenization.
According to Binance Research, the cryptocurrency sector experienced a 10.3% increase in market capitalization, driven by bitcoin (BTC) reaching a new all-time high (ATH) and substantial inflows into ETFs.
Market Highlights for May
The growth in May was a continuation of the upward momentum witnessed in April. Major crypto assets saw strong gains, and even ether (ETH), which has been underperforming in this bull run, posted a 43.9% recovery.
As the market rebounded, volatility remained elevated due to changes in U.S. trade policies. There were renewed tariff tensions between the U.S., China, the European Union, and the UK, which triggered market uncertainty. Although a court ruling eventually halted all tariffs temporarily, the U.S. government subsequently reinstated them.
Despite the cautious macroeconomic environment, BTC saw increased institutional adoption. Corporate entities have embraced the digital asset as they have become more confident in its long-term value as a hedge and strategic asset. Around 116 public companies collectively expanded their treasuries to 809,100 BTC as the asset’s ATH renewed the fear of missing out (FOMO) among the firms. More firms unveiled multi-million dollar plans to acquire BTC as regulatory clarity improved.
Corporate Entities Are Diversifying
Although BTC has remained the core reserve asset among corporate treasuries, some firms are cautiously diversifying their investments into ETH, XRP, and Solana (SOL).
“Looking ahead, the trajectory of corporate crypto treasuries will depend on broader macro conditions, regulatory evolution, and market cycles. Momentum remains strong for now, with Bitwise projecting that corporate treasuries could exceed 1 million BTC by 2026,” the Binance Research team stated.
Coming down to sectors, Binance Research found that May witnessed structural divergence and capital rotation. DeFi’s 19% growth was attributed to new product launches and yield opportunities. Meme coins rose 9.3%, while Artificial Intelligence (AI)-related tokens and Real-World Assets (RWAs) spiked 4.7% and 3.6%, respectively. In contrast, the Gaming and Layer-2 sectors remained weak.
Meanwhile, U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs recorded inflows of at least $5.2 billion, the highest since November 2024. However, profit-taking amid renewed macroeconomic uncertainty toward the end of the month triggered outflows of up to $962 million.
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