Connect with us
  • tg

Cryptocurrency

Garbled Circuits 101: What Could They Enable for Blockchain Privacy?

letizo News

Published

on

Blockchains were originally designed to be transparent, with every wallet and transaction on public display. Many supporters see this ‘trustlessness’ as a strength, but there are some obvious drawbacks, such as the security risk of having all of your financial activity available on-chain.

We can see this in the rates of illicit activity around blockchain, with bad actors accounting for $39.6bn of transaction volume in 2022.

We are also seeing a growing tactic of frontrunning for personal gain, where users with the technical skills to do so, reorder trades before they are committed to a block. By doing this they can ensure their own trades are always profitable.

These are just two examples of why transparency is often seen as a bug, and it’s also why the search for blockchain privacy is heating up. We are now seeing a flurry of innovation within the ecosystem to push for privacy solutions, arguably the last frontier for blockchain.

Blockchain Privacy Solutions

You may already be familiar with Zero-Knowledge proofs or ZKPs, one of the first blockchain privacy solutions to gain widespread adoption. ZKPs allow data to be shared between two parties without revealing any sensitive information. However, they fall short when handling more complex computations.

In many instances blockchain applications need multiple parties to compute solutions together, known as Multi Party Computation (MPC). This is where Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) came into play. About four years ago, FHE emerged as an elegant solution to solve the MPC problem. FHE enables multiple parties to carry out computations on encrypted data without needing to disclose or know the underlying data points in order to retrieve the end result. However, FHE faces significant scaling issues given its high computing costs.

Garbled Circuits, High-speed, Lightweight Blockchain Privacy

Garbled Circuits – a technology developed by Soda Labs and implemented exclusive by COTI – aims to solve the MPC problem with much lower costs to run and far better performance.

In essence Garbled Circuits can be used to make confidential multi-party computations of varying complexity with any number of participants providing inputs. This makes it suitable for complex applications on blockchain protocols including private smart contracts. However, tweaks to the technology today mean that it is less computationally intensive, giving it the ability to scale.

How do Garbled Circuits work?

The concept of Garbled Circuits actually dates back to the late 80s, when it was proposed as a solution to Yao’s Millionaires’ Problem by famous cryptographer Andrew Yao. Imagine that there are two millionaires, Alice and Bob, who want to know who between the two of them has more money. The problem is that no one wants to reveal how much they have exactly. Instead of revealing the amount of money each of them has, they can solve their dispute with the help of Garbled Circuits.

Alice and Bob each write down their net worth in encrypted text, as a string of letters and numbers. Both of them put this piece of paper into a black box, and after a split second, a piece of paper is ejected with the name of the richer person. In this example, the black box is the Garbled Circuit, a powerful computer program that can perform complex calculations on encrypted data without leaking any information.

Garbled Circuits introduce new levels of confidentiality to Web3, protecting data and metadata to enable confidential payments, private/blind auctions and the secure management of sensitive information on-chain without sacrificing performance. COTI has demonstrated the technology’s effectiveness ahead of its integration with Ethereum-based Layer-2 network, COTI V2, which launched in April.

Web3 Use Cases for Garbled Circuits

As blockchain applications grow more complex, a privacy solution is needed that can handle secure MPC without any limit to the number of inputs. In these instances, Garbled Circuits have huge potential.

Confidential DeFI: Garbled Circuits enable confidential transactions, allowing Decentralized Finance (DeFi) apps to maintain regulatory requirements while solving losses from MEV by encrypting transaction data, shielding them from sandwich bots. Just some of the DeFi use cases of GC include private Automated Market Makers (AMMs), undercollateralized lending, dark pools and hybrid exchanges. These can leverage both centralized and decentralized elements while keeping trade details confidential.

Dynamic Decentralized Identification (DID): Garbled Circuits facilitate identity verification and personal information sharing, calculation, and storage without revealing actual data to other parties, ensuring KYC compliance while maintaining user privacy. For instance, decentralized lenders can now establish someone’s suitability for a loan without the individual exposing their wallet address or personal information. The GC breakthrough preserves privacy whilst fulfilling regulatory requirements.

On-Chain Sensitive Data Management: Garbled Circuits allow for encrypted data storage on-chain, enabling analysis of sensitive information without compromising privacy. Data can be safely shared across sites, preventing companies from scraping and selling it. Some of the applications that become possible include confidential on-chain voting systems and healthcare services. By storing encrypted data on-chain, GC satisfies stringent data protection standards whilst still providing the benefits of blockchain data storage and analysis.

One of the main characteristics of Garbled Circuits is their efficiency. Benchmark tests have shown that Garbled Circuits are much faster, lighter and cost-effective  than any other privacy-preserving technology available today. This makes GC highly scalable, ensuring that the technology can grow alongside expanding markets such as Real World Assets (RWA) and Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Confidential Transactions for Payments, Stablecoins and RWA. Garbled Circuits maintains fund flow transparency while encrypting transaction details, ensuring regulatory compliance for payments, stablecoins, and real-world assets (RWA). RWAs include assets like real estate, commodities and securities that require high levels of privacy. GCs ability to ensure privacy, meet regulatory requirements, enhance security, and scale efficiently makes them an ideal choice.

Confidential Machine Learning & AI. Garbled Circuits also enables secure, private interactions with AI and large language models (LLMs), safeguarding data model confidentiality and data source privacy as required by law. GC can be used to enable decentralized and democratic ML model development and opens up new possibilities for privacy-focussed data marketplaces allowing researchers and businesses to work with datasets without exposing sensitive information.

Summary

To summarize, Garbled Circuits are revolutionizing privacy in blockchain applications, offering solutions that cater to various sectors, including DeFi, identity management, sensitive data handling, and AI. With their increased performance and scalability over other privacy solutions like FHE, Garbled Circuits are set to play a pivotal role in the future of Web3.

Authored by: Shafah Ban-Geffen, CEO and CO-Founder of COTI

SPECIAL OFFER (Sponsored)
Binance Free $600 (CryptoPotato Exclusive): Use this link to register a new account and receive $600 exclusive welcome offer on Binance (full details).

LIMITED OFFER 2024 at BYDFi Exchange: Up to $2,888 welcome reward, use this link to register and open a 100 USDT-M position for free!

Cryptocurrency

The Worlds First Fixed Fee Blockchain Appoints Former CFO of CitiGroup Finance

letizo News

Published

on

[PRESS RELEASE – London, United Kingdom, May 9th, 2025]

Vector Smart Chain (VSC), a Layer 1 blockchain protocol, has announced two strategic developments: the implementation of a fixed $4 gas fee model and the appointment of Peter Ritchie, former Chief Financial Officer at CitiGroup Finance, as Strategic Finance Executive Consultant. These initiatives mark a shift in VSC’s operational and leadership structure, aiming to support network scalability and financial oversight.

These developments signal VSC’s growing influence at the intersection of blockchain innovation and institutional-grade finance.

Breaking the Mold: VSC Introduces Fixed $4 Gas Fee

In a space dominated by volatile transaction fees and scalability challenges, VSC’s flat-rate $4 gas fee provides predictable costs, greater accessibility, and enhanced user confidence.

“The $4 gas fee isn’t arbitrary—it’s carefully designed to balance network security and accessibility,” said a VSC spokesperson. “We’re removing the guesswork from blockchain.”

VSC’s hybrid consensus mechanism ensures high throughput and near-instant transaction finality, making it ideal for enterprise adoption and real-world applications such as asset tokenization.

Backed by this innovation, major platforms are already moving. Notably, BESC Exchange recently announced its migration from Solana to VSC.

“We believe VSC’s infrastructure and economics offer the highest upside,” said Brian, Executive at BESC LLC.

Strategic Leadership: Peter Ritchie Joins VSC

To support its rapid growth and sustainability-focused vision, VSC has welcomed Peter Ritchie—former CFO of CitiGroup Finance—to help drive global financial strategy.

Ritchie brings decades of institutional finance experience and will play a pivotal role in:

  • Designing blockchain-based sustainable finance frameworks
  • Advancing VSC’s carbon initiatives
  • Guiding enterprise and institutional integration

“This isn’t just about blockchain—it’s about building a transparent, resilient financial future,” Ritchie said. “VSC is uniquely positioned to lead that evolution.”

Next-Gen Blockchain with Real-World Utility

With transparent network operations via VSC Explorer, deflationary tokenomics (including a $1 buy-and-burn per transaction), and a mission to bring blockchain to mainstream finance, VSC continues to build a robust, accessible, and sustainable ecosystem.

About Vector Smart Chain

Vector Smart Chain (VSC) is a Layer 1 blockchain protocol designed to deliver cost predictability, transparency, and institutional-grade performance. Its fixed $4 gas fee and hybrid consensus mechanism power next-generation decentralized applications, real-world asset tokenization, and carbon market integrations.

Users can learn more at vsgofficial.com

SPECIAL OFFER (Sponsored)
Binance Free $600 (CryptoPotato Exclusive): Use this link to register a new account and receive $600 exclusive welcome offer on Binance (full details).

LIMITED OFFER for CryptoPotato readers at Bybit: Use this link to register and open a $500 FREE position on any coin!

Continue Reading

Cryptocurrency

Crypto Price Analysis May-09: ETH, XRP, ADA, SOL, and HYPE

letizo News

Published

on

This week, we examine Ethereum, Ripple, Cardano, Solana, and Hype in greater detail.

Ethereum (ETH)

In an impressive reversal, Ethereum saw its price increase by 32% this week as it crossed above $2,000. At the time of this post, buyers are trying to confirm the $2,400 level as a key support. If successful, then ETH has a clear path towards $3,000 next.

This rally has surprised the market that was rather pessimistic about Ethereum. However, since the bottom at $1,400, the likelihood of a relief rally was high and is now materializing.

Looking ahead, Ethereum appears determined to follow Bitcoin which has recently crossed above $100,000. A pullback after such a rally is likely, but the momentum remains bullish with a good chance for higher highs later.

ETHUSDT_2025-05-09_15-33-11
Chart by TradingView

Ripple (XRP)

XRP’s volatility continues to remain lower compared to competitors, but still managed to book a respectable 6% price increase this week. This took it above $2.3 which is now acting as a support.

If buyers can sustain and increase this momentum, then they can aim for $2.6 in the coming days, where sellers returned in the past. Hopefully, a second attempt will be successful so that XRP can challenge the resistance at $3 in the future.

Looking ahead, this cryptocurrency has been consolidating between $2 and $3 since November 2024. Whenever the price will leave this range the volatility will explode and see it move much faster.

XRPUSDT_2025-05-09_15-35-10
Chart by TradingView

Cardano (ADA)

Cardano had a great week and closed with a 12% price increase. This allowed it to get closer to the $0.9 resistance. Another push can see buyers attempt a breakout towards $1 in the future.

The momentum is in a clear uptrend with higher lows and higher highs. The indicators such as the MACD and RSI are also mirroring this and support continuation of this price action.

Looking ahead, ADA’s first major challenge will be at the $0.9 resistance. If that level turns into a key support, then the price will have a clear path to challenge $1 and the previous high at $1.3.

ADAUSDT_2025-05-09_15-34-39
Chart by TradingView

Solana (SOL)

Solana’s price action is similar to ADA and managed to close the week with a 12% increase as well. This has placed SOL comfortably above $150 as it aims for higher highs.

With buyers in control, this cryptocurrency has a key target at $186. The support is at $152 and was not tested after its recent breakout. This makes a pullback likely before continuation.

Looking ahead, Solana is well on its way to returning to a $200 price. Sellers may make their presence felt on the way there, but the bullish momentum is strong enough to make a serious attempt in the coming weeks.

SOLUSDT_2025-05-09_15-34-58
Chart by TradingView

Hype (HYPE)

HYPE is the second-best performer on our list this week, with an impressive 21% price increase. The resistance at $21 was unable to stop buyers, who rushed to this cryptocurrency and pushed it towards $25 today.

The former resistance at $21 will now act as a key support and as long as HYPE’s price stays above this level, then the rally can continue towards new highs.

Looking ahead, the most important resistances on the chart right now are found at $24 and $28. At the time of this post, buyers and sellers are fighting around $24, and the winner will set the trend in the coming days.

HYPEUSDT_2025-05-09_15-35-53
Chart by TradingView
SPECIAL OFFER (Sponsored)
Binance Free $600 (CryptoPotato Exclusive): Use this link to register a new account and receive $600 exclusive welcome offer on Binance (full details).

LIMITED OFFER for CryptoPotato readers at Bybit: Use this link to register and open a $500 FREE position on any coin!

Disclaimer: Information found on CryptoPotato is those of writers quoted. It does not represent the opinions of CryptoPotato on whether to buy, sell, or hold any investments. You are advised to conduct your own research before making any investment decisions. Use provided information at your own risk. See Disclaimer for more information.

Cryptocurrency charts by TradingView.

Continue Reading

Cryptocurrency

Ethereum’s (ETH) Price Explosion, Ripple’s (XRP) Next Targets, and More: Bits Recap May 9

letizo News

Published

on

TL;DR

  • ETH surged by 23% in 24 hours to over $2,400, sparking bullish predictions of $4K to even $25K.
  • XRP jumped 9% daily to $2.40 amid optimism from the settlement between Ripple and the SEC, with analysts eyeing a potential breakout past $2.80 toward new all-time highs.
  • PEPE skyrocketed by more than 50% weekly, hitting its highest price since January, boosted by whale accumulation and a revitalized crypto market.

ETH’s Impressive Comeback

The second-largest cryptocurrency, which has been among the biggest disappointments this cycle, finally managed to reverse the negative trend. In the past several days, Ethereum’s price has been going through the roof, and currently, it is worth over $2,400 (per CoinGecko’s data). This represents a whopping 23% increase in just 24 hours and the asset’s best daily performance since 2021.

ETH Price
ETH Price, Source: CoinGecko

Somewhat expected, the rally infused enthusiasm across the crypto community, and many analysts believe the current levels could mark the beginning of a major bull run. 

The X user Lucky recently predicted a jump towards $4,000 in the following months. Shortly after, the analyst with over two million followers on X claimed that “the sleeping monster is finally waking up” and “is aiming for greater moves.”

Other popular industry participants who gave their two cents on the matter include Merlijn The Trader and KALEO.

The former saw an analogy between Ethereum’s price chart in the past three years and that of bitcoin formed between 2019 and 2021 to forecast a price explosion to $12,000 by the start of 2026. For their part, KALEO envisioned an even more optimistic scenario:

“In a world where Bitcoin is heading to $500K+, $25K+ ETH almost sounds too bearish.”

What’s Next for XRP?

Ripple’s native token is also well in the green on a daily scale, albeit charting less substantial gains than ETH. As of this writing, it trades at roughly $2.40, a 9% increase for that timeframe.

XRP Price
XRP Price, Source: CoinGecko

Its resurgence could be attributed to the booming crypto market as well as the recent developments in the Ripple v. SEC lawsuit. Just recently, the two entities agreed to a $50 million settlement, potentially ending the years-long legal battle that began in 2020 over alleged unregistered XRP sales. 

According to numerous analysts, Ripple’s cross-border token seems well-positioned for a further pump in the short term. The X user CRYPTOWZRD thinks a possible breakout of the resistance at $2.80 could push XRP toward a new all-time high.

Ali Martinez chipped in several hours later, predicting that a rise above the $2.26 mark might ignite a jump to $2.60. As mentioned above, the price managed to surpass that zone. 

How’s PEPE Doing?

Last but not least, we will touch upon the frog-themed meme coin PEPE, which has been among the top performers in the past week. It is up 52% for that period and over 42% for the day, currently trading at its highest point since January this year. 

Some of the elements supposedly fueling its staggering surge include the revival of the digital asset market and increased whale activity. As CryptoPotato reported, a certain large investor recently bought 500B PEPE, rounding up their total holdings to 2 trillion tokens. 

SPECIAL OFFER (Sponsored)
Binance Free $600 (CryptoPotato Exclusive): Use this link to register a new account and receive $600 exclusive welcome offer on Binance (full details).

LIMITED OFFER for CryptoPotato readers at Bybit: Use this link to register and open a $500 FREE position on any coin!

Continue Reading

Trending

©2021-2024 Letizo All Rights Reserved