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Forex

The euro is at parity with the dollar. Why it happened and what it means for the economy

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For the first time in 20 years, the euro has fallen to exactly one dollar. This was preceded by serious crisis phenomena in the European and American economies, and the change in exchange rates may be a consequence of a different response to the same crisis. 

Why is the Euro falling?

At the moment, the euro is one step away from parity with the dollar – it costs about $1.0005 on world markets. The rate of 1 dollar to 1 euro has in fact already been reached.

The reasons for this are to be looked for from both sides – from the weakening of the euro and from the strengthening of the dollar:

  • The dollar is rising on the back of the U.S. Federal Reserve’s tight monetary policy. The U.S. authorities are struggling with high inflation (it renews its highs every month), so the Fed is raising the interest rate at every next meeting. Higher interest rates make U.S. government securities more attractive to investors and this has a direct impact on the exchange rate. This is confirmed by the high value of the dollar index to other currencies (DXY);
  • The euro has no reason to strengthen. The European Central Bank’s key rate policy remains soft – currently at minus 0.5%. EU countries are waiting for the ECB to take steps to raise the rate in order to fight inflation, and the rate may reach 0.75% by the end of the year. But so far this is not happening; inflation in the Eurozone reaches 8.6% (just like in the US), and the European economy is suffering from high energy prices.

Simply put, the reason for near parity is that the U.S. Fed is fighting inflation harder than the ECB. But the U.S. government debt service will become much more expensive for U.S. authorities, while European countries can still avoid unnecessary spending.

Among the reasons, experts call the current balance of foreign trade: EU countries have a negative (deficit of up to 1 trillion Euros) while the U.S. has a surplus.

What will be the consequences?

Among the obvious consequences of the weakening of the euro for the eurozone countries is the continued fall of the currency, a further increase in inflation, which will affect the standard of living in EU countries. 

Experts predict the growth of tensions and economic problems in European countries:

  • Today, achieved currency parity will not cause any significant consequences for the European economy. A fall below parity will signal the inevitable consequences of the energy crisis and the inevitable recession in the Eurozone. For U.S. companies, the weak euro means difficulties and problems with competitiveness in European markets.
  • For European companies, a weak euro increases inflationary pressures through the rise in the cost of key imported raw materials for Eurozone companies. Theoretically, the weaker euro should be good for European exporters. At the same time, there are significant problems with energy supply in the Eurozone. This constrains the development of the investment potential of European industry for export. In addition, the weak euro reduces the attractiveness of assets denominated in European currency. As a result, investors will focus their investments in the United States.


Forex

Dollar rises after claims data, bitcoin continues rally

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By Chuck Mikolajczak

NEW YORK (Reuters) -The dollar rose to a 13-month high in choppy trading on Thursday as investors assessed the latest labor market data and comments from Federal Reserve officials for the path of interest rates, while bitcoin continued its march toward the $100,000 level.

Weekly initial jobless claims dropped 6,000 to a seasonally adjusted 213,000, a seven-month low, and below the 220,000 estimate of economists polled by Reuters, indicating job growth rebounded after being disrupted by hurricanes and labor strikes last month.

However, the report also indicated labor market slack as it is taking longer for the unemployed to find new jobs, as unemployment rolls grew to their highest levels in three years, giving the Fed cushion to cut rates again in December.

continued its recent rally that has seen the cryptocurrency surge more than 40% since the U.S. election on expectations President-elect Donald Trump will loosen the regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies.

Bitcoin gained 4.23% to $98,458 after reaching a record high of $99,057. The Securities and Exchange Commission said Chair Gary Gensler, who challenged the crypto industry, will step down on Jan. 20.

Recent comments from Fed officials, including Chair Jerome Powell, have indicated the central bank may take a slower course in its rate cut path, while concerns that Trump’s policies could reignite inflation have helped push the dollar to a high of 107.15, its highest level since Oct. 4, 2023.

The , which measures the greenback against a basket of currencies, rose 0.39% to 107.03, with the euro down 0.64% at $1.0476 after falling to $1.0461, its lowest in 13 months.

“One could argue that the market is now pretty hawkishly priced, kind of the other side of the boat again, so it’s starting to look a little bit aggressive in some of the Fed pricing and probably in the Bank of England as well, but at the same time they are kind of talking very hawkishly lately,” said Brad Bechtel, global head of FX at Jefferies in New York.

“We’re just going to kind of chop around, there’s a lot embedded in the dollar price at current levels so I definitely wouldn’t be chasing it.”

European Central Bank chief economist Philip Lane said global economic output would suffer a “sizeable” loss if trade became more fragmented and an immediate boost to inflation would only fade over a few years.

Expectations for the path of rate cuts have been scaled back recently. Markets are pricing in a 55.9% chance of a 25-basis-point cut at the Fed’s December meeting, down from 72.2% a week ago, according to CME’s FedWatch Tool.

Federal Reserve Bank of New York President John Williams told Barron’s in an interview published on Thursday he sees inflation cooling and interest rates falling further while Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond President Tom Barkin said in an interview with the Financial Times the U.S. is more vulnerable to inflationary shocks than in the past.

In addition, Chicago Federal Reserve President Austan Goolsbee reiterated his support for further interest rate cuts and receptiveness to doing them more slowly.

Safe-haven currencies such as the Japanese yen and Swiss franc briefly strengthened on the latest potential signs of the conflict between Ukraine and Russia escalating before reversing course.

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: U.S. Dollar banknote is seen in this illustration taken July 17, 2022. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo

Against the Japanese yen, the dollar weakened 0.56% to 154.56 after dropping as much as 0.98%, and against the Swiss franc, the dollar gained 0.29% to 0.887 after falling as much as 0.21% on the session.

Bank of Japan Governor Kazuo Ueda said on Thursday the central bank would “seriously” take into account foreign exchange rate moves in compiling its economic and price forecasts.

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Sterling sags as ‘Trump bump’ lifts dollar

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By Amanda Cooper

LONDON (Reuters) – The pound eased modestly against the dollar, which held firm on Thursday, as investors remained laser-focused on who President-elect Donald Trump’s Treasury Secretary pick might be and what that might mean for his policies on growth, trade and taxes.

With the dollar in the ascendant, sterling wilted, last down 0.1% at $1.26405.

It’s risen 1.2% against the euro, which has come under intense pressure against the dollar in particular, as traders try to factor in the potential hit to euro zone growth from an aggressive stance on tariffs from the incoming Trump administration.

The pound got a brief lift the day before from data that showed UK consumer inflation staged an unwelcome pickup in October, confirming the belief in the market that the Bank of England will be one of the slowest among the big central banks to lower rates meaningfully over the coming year.

Even against that backdrop, sterling has fallen by close to 2% against the dollar this month and turned negative on the year.

Money markets currently show traders believe the BoE could lower rates by around 68 basis points by next December. For the Bank’s next meeting on Dec. 19, there’s no expectation of any move at all.

Commerzbank (ETR:) strategist Michael Pfister noted that there is barely a 50% chance priced in for a rate cut in February either.

“We still believe that the next rate cut will take place then. The argument in favour of this is that monetary policy is still likely to be seen as quite restrictive and policymakers will certainly want to avoid falling behind the curve,” he said.

He added that if inflation data shows a sustained pickup, the discussions around a February cut are “likely to intensify”.

Next (LON:) up on the macro calendar are preliminary surveys of business activity for November for the UK, the euro zone, the United States and elsewhere due on Friday.

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: Pound and U.S. dollar banknotes are seen in this illustration taken January 6, 2020. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo

The most recent Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) for October came in at 52 for Britain, above the 50 mark that separates growth from contraction and ranking the UK second behind the United States, which logged a reading of 54 last month.

Friday’s PMI is expected to come in at 51.8, according to a Reuters poll of economists.

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Forex

Dollar keeps rising; euro falls to two-year low on weak data

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Investing.com – The US dollar climbed to a new high Friday, while the euro slumped as data continued to illustrate the weak state of the eurozone economy. 

At 05:00 ET (10:00 GMT), the Dollar Index, which tracks the greenback against a basket of six other currencies, traded 0.6% higher to 107.614, after earlier climbing to its highest level since early October, 2023. 

Dollar heads relentlessly higher 

The dollar has gained some 3% so far this month in the wake of Donald Trump’s presidential election victory on expectations that his policies could reignite inflation and limit the Fed’s ability to cut rates.

The release of solid employment data on Thursday also helped the tone, as unexpectedly slowed. 

“It was, however, some Fedspeak that likely encouraged dollar buying as New York Fed President John Williams – not usually a hawk – said the US is ‘not quite there yet’ on inflation and that the jobs market needs to cool further for easing,” said analysts at ING, in a note.

Markets now see a 57.8% chance of a 25-basis-point cut, down from 72.2% a week ago, according to CME’s FedWatch Tool.

The US currency’s safe haven status has also been a boon given the recent escalations in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine.

“Markets are clearly taking the escalation in the Russia-Ukraine war more seriously, which is favoring a broader rotation to haven assets like the dollar,” ING added.

Euro slips to two-year low

In Europe, traded 0.8% lower to 1.0389, falling to its lowest level in two years, with the single currency weighed by the region’s weak economic outlook as well as being buffeted by events in Ukraine this week.

Eurozone business activity took a surprisingly sharp turn for the worse this month as the bloc’s dominant services industry contracted and manufacturing sank deeper into recession, a survey showed on Friday.

The preliminary , compiled by S&P Global, sank to a 10-month low of 48.1 in November, below the 50 mark separating growth from contraction.

“The release has risen from being almost disregarded to a de-facto critical input for policy decision given the Governing Council’s greater focus on forward looking indicators of growth,” ING said.

Earlier in the session data showed that Germany’s , the largest in the eurozone, grew less than previously estimated in the third quarter, expanding by 0.1% in the third quarter of 2024, down from a preliminary reading of 0.2% growth.

fell 0.4% to 1.2536, falling to its weakest against the dollar since May, as British business output shrank for the first time in more than a year.

The preliminary S&P Global Flash , fell to 49.9 in November – below the significant 50.0 level for the first time in 13 months – from 51.8 in October.

Yen gains after Japanese CPI

fell 0.1% to 154.38, after Japanese inflation grew slightly more than expected in October, while the core measure rose above the central bank’s annual target band, keeping bets alive for another rate hike by the Bank of Japan.

climbed 0.2% to 7.2491, near a four-month high. 

The yuan has depreciated as much as 1.8% against the dollar so far in November, as inadequate signals on Chinese stimulus measures also weighed on local markets. 

 

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