Forex
What awaits the market after the FED meeting? Uncertainty and crisis
Everyone is watching the FED stock market announcement closely. The attention of the markets is gradually shifting from inflation to the coming recession. The euro has fallen due to cuts in Gazprom’s gas supplies
What does the market have in store after the FED meeting? With the US interest rate hike this week and growing uncertainty over the Fed’s further policy tightening course, the dollar on Tuesday held close to its recent two-decade highs, while the latest gas supply cut in Russia kept the euro under pressure.
FED rate hike and stock market
FED interest rates and stock markets are closely linked. The U.S. Federal Reserve begins a two-day meeting later today and is expected to raise interest rates by 75 basis points. But many traders wonder if the slowing economy could shift the focus away from inflation and signal a slower pace of rate hikes in the future.
Futures contracts tied to the Fed’s discount rate show that rates will peak in January 2023, a month earlier than February, which they indicated last week, while long-term Treasury bond yields are down about 80 basis points from the highs of mid-June.
That helped push the dollar back about 2.8 percent from its 20-year high of 109.29 against a basket of currencies less than two weeks ago. By 08:30 GMT, the dollar had stabilized since the start of the day at 106.5, while against the euro it strengthened slightly to $1.0219.
However, while Fed rate expectations are waning, most analysts maintain an optimistic view of the dollar, noting signs of a global economic slowdown. Such concerns were reinforced Monday by a profit warning from U.S. retailer Walmart.
This followed several softer-than-expected U.S. and European data releases. Francesco Pesole, a currency strategist at ING Bank, attributed the dollar’s loss of momentum to the actions of traders who cut excessively “long” U.S. dollar positions.
“The trigger (for a flattening of positions) could have been a reassessment of the timing of the rate caps and a discussion of rate cuts,” Pesole said.
“But the Fed has less opportunity for dovish surprise compared to the ECB … Fed rate pricing is more or less in line with the regulator’s dot plot and inflation/economic growth forecast,” he added, referring to the chart reflecting each Fed rate hike as forecast by officials themselves.
The euro’s rise continued to be held back by uncertainty about Europe’s energy security as Russia said gas flows to Germany via the Nord Stream 1 pipeline would drop to 33 million cubic meters per day starting Wednesday. This is half of the current flow, which is already only 40 percent of normal capacity.
But the single currency’s reaction to the news has so far been subdued, even though it raises the risks of fuel rationing in Europe and an economic downturn.
Pesole said that the euro is preparing for bad news on the gas front, noting that “the reaction function to the incoming news is not as sharp and will not cause the same volatility as a month ago.
However, the euro could weaken if markets start to actively assess the European Central Bank’s impending rate hike – they have already lowered expectations for September, now, estimating a 39 basis point increase from 50 basis points last week.
Commodity prices are supporting Australian and New Zealand dollars. The Australian dollar hit a one-month high of $0.6984 as iron ore hit a two-week peak and traders awaited inflation data that could show a 6.2 percent annualized rise in consumer prices, the fastest in more than three decades.
“Depending on the data, a slight rise in the Australian dollar is possible,” ANZ Bank analysts said. “A 50 basis point hike from (the Reserve Bank of Australia) next week is almost a foregone conclusion – the main risk is a larger hike.”
In other markets, cryptocurrencies rebounded from last week’s gains. Bitcoin was worth $21,100, its lowest since July 18. Ether also reached its lowest level since July 18 at $1,421.
Market reaction to FED announcements is always bright, so keep an eye on the situation.
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Dollar strength likely to continue near term – UBS
Investing.com – The US dollar has been on a tear since its late-September 2024 lows, and UBS thinks this near-term strength is likely to persist in the first half of the new year, with room to overshoot.
At 06:15 ET (11:15 GMT), the Dollar Index, which tracks the greenback against a basket of six other currencies, traded 0.5% lower, but has gained almost 4% over the course of the last year.
Better incoming US data (nonfarm payrolls and purchasing managers’ index)—and with it, US yields moving higher—have provided broad dollar support, analysts at UBS said, in a note.
Economic news elsewhere has been rather mixed, with growth prospects for Europe staying highly subdued. Accelerating growth in China suggests that there is growth outside the US. But with US tariff risks looming large, stronger activity in China is unlikely to shift investor sentiment and stall the USD rally, in our view.
In the near term, there seem to be limited headwinds holding the USD back, the Swiss bank added.
“US exceptionalism has appeared to reassert itself, with US economic data likely to stay strong in the near term and risks to US inflation moving higher again. The latest growth and inflation dynamics have lifted US growth and inflation expectations, which could allow the Fed to stay on hold in 2025.”
At least in the short run markets are likely to think this way, while other key central banks are likely to cut rates further.
The potential for monetary policy divergence is a powerful driver, which leads to trending FX markets and the potential for overshooting exchange rates.
US tariffs are also looming large, weighing on sentiment. The concern on tariffs is that they will have inflationary consequences. Given inflation scarring is still fresh on investors’ minds, it is dominating market narratives.
“That said, we think that a policy rate of 4-4.5% in the US remains restrictive and is a headwind to economic growth and inflation. This is unlikely to change absent hard evidence that productivity is rising in the US, which may happen given developments in AI and associated investment,” the Swiss bank added.
It appears that the market-unfriendly parts of the new Trump agenda (e.g., tariffs, trade tensions, immigration) are easier to implement and more likely to happen before the market-friendly parts (e.g., tax cuts, deregulation).
“We think a negative impact on US growth is not priced at all in the forex market, which cannot be said for the rest of the world, particularly Europe,” UBS said.
“Hence, we still think that 2025 could be a story of two halves—strength in 1H, and partial or full reversal in 2H. The fact that the USD is trading at multi-decade highs in strongly overvalued territory and that investor positioning (like speculative accounts in the futures market) is elevated underpin this narrative.”
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