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Analysis-Vulcan rocket’s debut brings long-awaited challenge to SpaceX dominance

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Analysis-Vulcan rocket's debut brings long-awaited challenge to SpaceX dominance
© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: Boeing-Lockheed joint venture United Launch Alliance’s next-generation Vulcan rocket stands ready for launch on its debut flight from Cape Canaveral, Florida, U.S. January 7, 2024. REUTERS/Joe Skipper/File Photo

By Joey Roulette

WASHINGTON (Reuters) – A Boeing-Lockheed joint venture’s launch of a new Vulcan rocket this week inaugurated a formidable rival to Elon Musk’s SpaceX, a milestone long sought by the U.S. government as it seeks to build a list of launch suppliers for its satellites.

Boeing (NYSE:) and Lockheed Martin (NYSE:)’s United Launch Alliance sent Vulcan into space for the first time on Monday, a first step toward reclaiming market share from SpaceX, whose reusable Falcon 9 rocket for years has been the main option for countries to get their satellites into space. The payload, a privately funded moon lander, will not finish its mission because of tech problems, but the Vulcan launch in Florida was a success.

“This launch puts ULA in the front-runner position to challenge SpaceX’s de facto monopoly over launch,” said Caleb Henry, a space analyst at Quilty Analytics. “If ULA can prove that Vulcan can scale up to a rapid launch cadence quickly, they will provide the market with another route to space.”

Dependence on SpaceX has been a concern for the Pentagon, which wants multiple vendors of rides to orbit.

“If SpaceX has a bad day in the future, we’d still have a pathway to space for our national security needs” with Vulcan, said Michael Lembeck, a space consultant and director of University of Illinois Advanced Space Systems lab.

Demand for launches has soared, driven mainly by plans from countries and companies like Amazon (NASDAQ:) to put thousands of internet satellites in space. But supply to the West has dropped, with Europe’s sovereign space access held up by rocket development delays and Russia’s rocket program being isolated by the West over the Ukraine war.

Bigger U.S. rockets, such as SpaceX’s Starship and Blue Origin’s New Glenn, are months or years from reaching orbit.

“It takes a long time to develop a new heavy-class launch vehicle, so the scarcity is going to be here for about 10 years,” ULA CEO Tory Bruno said in an interview at Vulcan’s launchpad before its launch.

Vulcan’s launch debut lets ULA start fulfilling a multibillion dollar backlog of some 70 missions, roughly split between government and commercial missions. Amazon’s Kuiper satellite project occupies a majority of its commercial bookings.

NATIONAL SECURITY MISSIONS

The starting price for a Vulcan launch is roughly $110 million, half that of its predecessor Atlas (NYSE:) V, which anchored ULA’s dominance for U.S. national security satellite launches since ULA’s 2006 formation. SpaceX’s reusable Falcon 9 is pegged at roughly $62 million per launch, but sometimes more for Pentagon missions.

ULA and SpaceX vie head to head for national security missions. The Pentagon in 2020 picked ULA to launch 60% of its national security missions through 2027 and SpaceX to launch the rest. The Pentagon’s next launch procurement will pick three core launchers, giving SpaceX and ULA a greater challenge.

Vulcan can use up to six solid rocket motors for extra boost, allowing it to loft up to 60,000 pounds (27,000 kg) of satellites in a low orbit, or 32,000 pounds (14,500 kg) to further orbits. SpaceX’s Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy – three Falcon boosters strapped together – can put up to 140,000 pounds (63,500 kg) to low Earth orbit, or 58,860 pounds (26,700 kg) to further orbits.

ULA used the Russian-made RD-180 engines for its workhorse Atlas V, and that became a security concern in 2014 after Russia invaded Crimea. That, and the rise of SpaceX’s cheaper Falcon 9, prompted Vulcan’s development.

Atlas V has 17 more booked missions left before retiring. ULA had bulk-ordered its RD-180 engines before American-Russian relations collapsed following Russia’s large-scale February 2022 invasion of Ukraine.

Jeff Bezos’ space firm Blue Origin has effectively replaced Russia’s RD-180, now supplying Vulcan’s twin BE-4 engines, which roared to life on Monday and marked Blue Origin’s first step into Earth’s orbit. Blue Origin is building its own launcher – New Glenn – a more powerful rival to Vulcan that uses 7 BE-4 engines.

ULA plans to increase production to 25 booster rockets annually by late 2025, Bruno said. And it has roughly 100 engineers designing future upgrades to cut production costs.

Those upgrades include a plan to recover and reuse Vulcan’s BE-4 engines – about 65 percent of the booster cost – using a heat shield, parachutes and a helicopter to catch them out of the air. Smaller launcher Rocket Lab has adopted a similar strategy.

Bruno said Vulcan upgrades will begin in 2025, and occur every two to three years after that. ULA will test and implement its reuse strategy for Vulcan in the midst of its Amazon Kuiper missions.

“It’s is a little bit up to Amazon,” Bruno said.

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ImaginAb, Inc. Innovative Biologics Technology platform acquired by Telix to enable Next-Generation Therapeutic Assets discovery

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INGLEWOOD, Calif., Jan. 22, 2025 /PRNewswire/ — ImaginAb, Inc., announces that it has entered into an agreement to sell a pipeline of next-generation therapeutic candidates, proprietary novel biologics technology platform, and a protein engineering and discovery research facility to Telix Pharmaceuticals Limited (ASX: TLX; Nasdaq: TXL).

Following the closing of this transaction, ImaginAb Inc., will focus on developing its lead imaging candidate, CD8 ImmunoPET, which is currently in Phase 2  clinical trials and has been licensed by numerous pharmaceutical and biotech companies for use in imaging within immunotherapy clinical trials, primarily in oncology. In addition, ImaginAb will continue to partner in advancing the pivotal prostate cancer imaging agent, which is currently being evaluated in Phase 2 clinical trials and as a surgical resection tool.  

Dr. Anna Wu, Founder of ImaginAb, commented, “We are very pleased that Telix recognizes the potential of our novel biological technology platform including enabling Telix to explore new disease areas with state-of-the-art radiotherapeutic technology. These radiopharmaceutical agents represent the culmination of significant effort and resources by our scientific team.   I extend my congratulations to everyone at ImaginAb for reaching this significant milestone. This transaction further validates our novel minibody platform.”

Dr. Wu continued, “With the sale of our radiopharmaceutical platform, ImaginAb will continue the development of its CD8 platform.   We are encouraged that numerous pharmaceutical and biotech companies have incorporated our technology in their immuno-oncology clinical trials.”

Jefferies LLC and Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated served as financial advisors to ImaginAb on the transaction.

About ImaginAb, Inc.

ImaginAb, Inc. is a clinical stage, revenue-generating global biotechnology company developing the next generation of radiopharmaceutical and imaging agent products. These patented products contain engineered antibodies that maintain the specificity of full-length antibodies while remaining biologically inert in the body. Used with widely available positron emission tomography (PET) and optical imaging technology, these novel targeting agents are able to bind specifically to cell surface targets.

The company is backed by top tier venture capital firms and strategic corporate firms including, Adage Capital, The Cycad Group, Norgine Ventures, Innoviva, Jim Pallotta of the Raptor Group, The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and Merck (NSE:) (MSD) Pharma. For more information about ImaginAb’s pipeline and technology, visit  www.imaginab.com.

About CD8 ImmunoPET

The 89Zr CD8 ImmunoPET technology (zirconium Zr 89 crefmirlimab berdoxam) is a [89Zr]-labelled minibody that binds the CD8 receptor on human T cells and is used for quantitative, non-invasive PET imaging of CD8+ cells in patients. CD8+ cells are the main effector cells involved in the immune response against tumor cells induced by immunotherapies and they also play a key role in multiple autoimmune diseases. As such, quantitative imaging of CD8+ cells can be used to diagnose the immune status of a patient, to measure the efficacy of immunotherapies and predict patient outcomes.

About Optical PSMA

The Optical PSMA Imaging Agent  (IR-800 IAB2 Minibody) is a fluorescent labelled minibody that binds the PSMA  receptor present on cancer cells including prostate cancer and is used for quantitative, non-invasive PET imaging of PSMA+ cells in patients undergoing surgery to remove cancerous tissue . As such, imaging of PSMA + cells  may be used to guide clinicians during surgery to identify cancerous tissue and aid tissue resection.

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Trump escalates campaign against diversity, threatens private sector probes

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By Daniel Trotta and Bianca Flowers

(Reuters) -U.S. President Donald Trump escalated his campaign against diversity programs on Tuesday by pressuring the private sector to join the initiative and telling government employees in offices administering such programs they would be placed on paid leave.

On his first day in office Trump issued a series of executive orders to end diversity, equity and inclusion programs, which attempt to promote opportunities for women, ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+ people and other traditionally underrepresented groups.

Civil rights advocates have argued such programs are necessary to address longstanding inequities and structural racism.

In an executive order issued on Tuesday, Trump revoked executive orders dating as far back as 1965 on environmental actions, equal employment opportunities and encouragement to federal contractors to achieve workforce balancing on race, gender and religion.

The 1965 order that was revoked was signed by then-President Lyndon Johnson to protect the rights of workers employed by federal contractors and ensure they remained free from discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or national origin, according to the Labor Department.

The Trump executive order seeks to dissuade private companies that receive government contracts from using DEI programs and hiring on the basis of race and sex – what the order called “illegal DEI discrimination and preferences” – and asked government agencies to identify private companies that might be subject to civil investigation.

“As a part of this plan, each agency shall identify up to nine potential civil compliance investigations of publicly traded corporations, large non-profit corporations or associations, foundations with assets of 500 million dollars or more, State and local bar and medical associations, and institutions of higher education with endowments over 1 billion dollars,” the order said.

Full details on how the Trump administration would enforce “civil compliance investigations” were not immediately available.

The order issued on Tuesday stipulates that federal and private-sector employment preferences for military veterans could continue.

The executive order was celebrated by conservative activists and Republican leaders. It was also met with swift condemnation from civil rights leaders.

Rev. Al Sharpton, founder and president of the National Action (WA:) Network, announced on Wednesday the organization and its partners plan to identify two companies in the next 90 days that will be boycotted for abandoning DEI pledges.

Basil Smikle Jr., a political strategist and policy adviser, said he was troubled by the Trump administration’s assertion that diversity programs were “diminishing the importance of individual merit, aptitude, hard work, and determination” because it suggested women and people of color lacked merit or qualifications.

“There’s this clear effort to hinder, if not erode, the political and economic power of people of color and women,” Smikle said.

“What it does is opens up the door for more cronyism,” he said.

The White House did not immediately respond to a request from Reuters to address criticism from civil rights advocates.

Separately, the Trump administration instructed U.S. federal government departments and agencies to dismantle all DEI programs, advising employees of such programs that they would be immediately placed on paid leave.

The government should by the end of business on Wednesday inform employees of any government offices or units focused exclusively on DEI that their programs will be shut down and employees placed on leave, the Office of Personnel Management said in a memorandum.

Trump also signed a memorandum on Tuesday that ends a Biden administration initiative to promote diversity in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), ordering the FAA administrator to immediately stop DEI hiring programs, the White House said.

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: U.S. President-elect Donald Trump speaks after a meeting with Republicans in Congress at the U.S. Capitol building in Washington, U.S. January 8, 2025. REUTERS/Jeenah Moon/File Photo

Trump ordered the FAA to conduct a safety review that would replace any employees who fail to demonstrate their competence.

“President Trump is immediately terminating this illegal and dangerous program and requiring that all FAA hiring be based solely on ensuring the safety of airline passengers and overall job excellence,” the White House said in a fact sheet.

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Trump US energy emergency order should withstand court challenges

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(Reuters) – U.S. President Donald Trump’s declaration of a national energy emergency to boost drilling and speed up pipeline construction should withstand court challenges but will not allow oil and gas producers to skirt all environmental laws, according to legal experts.

Trump, a Republican who campaigned on a promise to “drill baby drill,” has said the declaration will speed permitting and approval of energy projects to fix what he has called an inadequate and unaffordable U.S. energy supply. 

The U.S. is the world’s largest oil producer and the world’s largest exporter of liquefied , according to U.S. Energy Information Administration data.

Trump’s energy declaration, among the executive orders he signed his first day in office, invokes a federal law giving the president broad discretion to declare emergencies and unlock special powers. Legal experts say challenging the declaration itself in court would likely be futile because courts rarely question the president’s judgment in using the National Emergencies Act. 

“The law doesn’t define what an emergency is, and so far no court has been willing to overturn a finding that there is an emergency,” said University of California, Berkeley Law School professor Dan Farber. 

The National Emergencies Act can unlock presidential powers in 150 different statutes but has limited reach into environmental laws and regulations. 

The true legal tests will likely arise in implementation of the order, which directs federal agencies to scour their books for laws and regulations that could be used to speed along approval and permitting for projects like drilling, refining and pipeline construction.

The order cites laws including the Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act and Mammal Protection Act, which impose review and permitting requirements on energy projects.

“It could expedite energy projects but also harm water standards, endangered species protections, fill in the blank,” said Emory University School of Law professor Mark Nevitt. 

“There’s a reason those emergency regulations aren’t tapped on a day-to-day basis.”

Erik Schlenker-Goodrich, Executive Director of the Western Environmental Law Center, said he expects most of the legal fighting to arise over what federal agencies actually do, rather than the declaration itself. 

“We anticipate that political appointees will work to implement Trump’s agenda through secretarial orders and specific agency actions, whether regulatory rollbacks, new lease sales, drilling permits, pipeline approvals, etc. That’s where the fight will prove most intensive,” Schlenker-Goodrich said.

The emergency declaration could be a useful tool for defending those agency decisions in court, providing a national security rationale that judges would be unlikely to question, some experts said. 

The order includes a prominent role for the president’s National Security Advisor, who could sign off on reports concluding that certain regulatory rollbacks are necessary to protect vital national interests.

“Once you have that badge of approval from the National Security Council, you can flash it to every federal judge that tries to stand in the way, because courts consistently defer to national security claims,” said Tyson Slocum of the consumer advocacy group Public Citizen.

Environmental groups have condemned the energy emergency order, saying climate change driven by fossil fuels consumption is the true emergency. 

But some have said they do not expect to file lawsuits until they see what the administration actually does. 

“It’s hard to challenge an executive order in general,” said Brett Hartl of the Center for Biological Diversity. “If they start doing things that are egregious and use the executive order as a rationale, we would be prepared to sue,” Hartl added.

David Doniger, a senior attorney with the Natural Resources Defense Council, said in a statement that the emergency declaration does not override other laws and that any regulatory rollbacks outlined in executive orders will have to be done through proper legal channels. 

“We certainly will challenge rollbacks that lack legal and scientific support.” 

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: An oil pump jack is seen in the Loco Hills region, New Mexico, U.S., April 6, 2023. REUTERS/Liz Hampton/File Photo

While Trump can encourage new drilling by rolling back regulations and pushing for more fossil fuel output in places like Alaska, the cadence at which oil and gas production increases will ultimately be decided by energy companies and market forces.

Many energy firms have restrained growth in recent years to focus on shareholder returns and buybacks after investors soured on the sector. Meanwhile, natural gas producers are looking to a boom in new U.S. LNG facilities to boost demand after cutting output in 2024 as prices fell to the lowest in decades. (This story has been refiled to change the date to Jan 22, not Jan 21, in the dateline)

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