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Methane from tropical wetlands is surging, threatening climate plans

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By Gloria Dickie

BAKU (Reuters) -The world’s warming tropical wetlands are releasing more methane than ever before, research shows — an alarming sign that the world’s climate goals are slipping further out of reach.

A massive surge in wetlands methane — unaccounted for by national emissions plans and undercounted in scientific models — could raise the pressure on governments to make deeper cuts from their fossil fuel and agriculture industries, according to researchers.

Wetlands hold huge stores of carbon in the form of dead plant matter that is slowly broken down by soil microbes. Rising temperatures are like hitting the accelerator on that process, speeding up the biological interactions that produce methane. Heavy rains, meanwhile, trigger flooding that causes wetlands to expand.

Scientists had long projected wetland methane emissions would rise as the climate warmed, but from 2020 to 2022, air samples showed the highest methane concentrations in the atmosphere since reliable measurements began in the 1980s.

Four studies published in recent months say that tropical wetlands are the likeliest culprit for the spike, with tropical regions contributing more than 7 million tonnes to the methane surge over the last few years.

“Methane concentrations are not just rising, but rising faster in the last five years than any time in the instrument record,” said Stanford University environmental scientist Rob Jackson, who chairs the group that publishes the five-year Global Methane Budget, last released in September. 

Satellite instruments revealed the tropics as the source of a large increase. Scientists further analyzed distinct chemical signatures in the methane to determine whether it came from fossil fuels or a natural source — in this case, wetlands. 

The Congo, Southeast Asia and the Amazon (NASDAQ:) and southern Brazil contributed the most to the spike in the tropics, researchers found.

Data published in March 2023 in Nature Climate Change shows that annual wetland emissions over the past two decades were about 500,000 tonnes per year higher than what scientists had projected under worst-case climate scenarios. 

Capturing emissions from wetlands is challenging with current technologies.

“We should probably be a bit more worried than we are,” said climate scientist Drew Shindell at Duke University.

The La Nina climate pattern that delivers heavier rains to parts of the tropics appeared somewhat to blame for the surge, according to one study published in September in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.  

But La Nina alone, which last ended in 2023, cannot explain record-high emissions, Shindell said. 

For countries trying to tackle climate change, “this has major implications when planning for methane and carbon dioxide emissions cuts,” said Zhen Qu, an atmospheric chemist at North Carolina State University who led the study on La Nina impacts. 

If wetland methane emissions continue to rise, scientists say governments will need to take stronger action to hold warming at 1.5 C (2.7 F), as agreed in the United Nations Paris climate accord.

WATER WORLD

Methane is 80 times more powerful than carbon dioxide (CO2) at trapping heat over a timespan of 20 years, and accounts for about one-third of the 1.3 degrees Celsius (2.3 F) in warming that the world has registered since 1850. Unlike CO2, however, methane washes out of the atmosphere after about a decade, so it has less of a long-term impact.

More than 150 countries have pledged to deliver 30% cuts from 2020 levels by 2030, tackling leaky oil and gas infrastructure.

But scientists have not yet observed a slowdown, even as technologies to detect methane leaks have improved. Methane emissions from fossil fuels have remained around a record high of 120 million tonnes since 2019, according to the International Energy Agency’s 2024 Global Methane Tracker report.

Satellites have also picked up more than 1,000 large methane plumes from oil and gas operations over the past two years, according to a U.N. Environment Programme report published on Friday, but the countries notified responded to just 12 leaks.

Some countries have announced ambitious plans for cutting methane. 

China last year said it would strive to curb flaring, or burning off emissions at oil and gas wells. 

President Joe Biden’s administration finalized a methane fee for big oil and gas producers last week, but it is likely to be scrapped by the incoming presidency of Donald Trump.

© Reuters. The Pantanal, the world's largest wetland, in Corumba, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, June 9, 2024. REUTERS/Ueslei Marcelino

The Democratic Republic of Congo’s environment minister Eve Bazaiba told Reuters on the sidelines of the U.N. climate summit COP29 that the country was working to assess the methane surging from the Congo Basin’s swampy forests and wetlands. Congo was the largest hotspot of methane emissions in the tropics in the 2024 methane budget report.

“We don’t know how much [methane is coming off our wetlands],” she said. “That’s why we bring in those who can invest in this way, also to do the monitoring to do the inventory, how much we have, how we can also exploit them.” 

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US economy eyes strong finish ahead of heightened policy uncertainty in 2025

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By Lucia Mutikani

WASHINGTON (Reuters) -The number of Americans filing new applications for jobless benefits fell more than expected last week, reversing the prior week’s jump and suggesting that a gradual labor market slowdown remained in place.

Other data on Thursday showed the economy grew faster than previously estimated in the third quarter, driven by robust consumer spending. The upbeat report came a day after the Federal Reserve delivered a third consecutive interest rate cut, but projected only two rate reductions in 2025, citing the economy’s continued resilience and still-elevated inflation.

Fed Chair Jerome Powell told reporters on Wednesday that the “downside risks of the labor market do appear to have diminished,” adding that “the U.S. economy has just been remarkable, I feel very good about where the economy is.”

“The economy is set to end 2024 on a solid note, which is fortunate since we’ll have to contend with heightened policy uncertainty and possibly greater challenges in 2025,” said Oren Klachkin, financial markets economist at Nationwide.

Initial claims for state unemployment benefits dropped 22,000 to a seasonally adjusted 220,000 for the week ended Dec. 14, the Labor Department said. Economists polled by Reuters had forecast 230,000 claims for the latest week. They had jumped 17,000 in the prior week. Claims have entered a period of volatility, which could see large swings in the data.

Unadjusted claims plunged 57,932 to 251,527 last week, pulled down by large decreases in New York, California, Georgia, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Texas, Washington state, Wisconsin, New Jersey and Ohio.

A range of indicators, including job openings, suggests that conditions are much looser than they were before the COVID-19 pandemic, but the labor market is slowing in an orderly fashion.

A jump in the unemployment rate to 4.3% in July from 3.7% at the start of the year saw the U.S. central bank kicking off its policy easing cycle with an unusually large half-percentage-point interest rate cut in September. The Fed on Wednesday cut its benchmark overnight interest rate by 25 basis points to the 4.25%-4.50% range.

In September, the Fed had penciled in four quarter-point rate cuts in 2025. The shallower rate cut path for next year in the latest projections also reflected uncertainty over policies from President-elect Donald Trump’s incoming administration, including tariffs on imported goods, tax cuts and mass deportations of undocumented immigrants, which economists have warned would be inflationary.

The Fed hiked its policy rate by 5.25 percentage points between March 2022 and July 2023 to tame inflation.

The dollar was steady against a basket of currencies. U.S. Treasury yields rose.

ROBUST CONSUMER SPENDING

The claims data covered the week during which the government surveyed businesses for the nonfarm payrolls component of December’s employment report. Claims rose marginally between the November and December survey periods.

Nonfarm payrolls increased by 227,000 jobs in November, in part boosted by the fading drag from hurricanes and the end of strikes by factory workers at Boeing (NYSE:) and another small aerospace company. These factors had restricted job growth to only 36,000 in October.

Data next week on the number of people on unemployment rolls will shed more light on the labor market’s health in December.

The number of people receiving benefits after an initial week of aid, a proxy for hiring, slipped 5,000 to a seasonally adjusted 1.874 million during the week ending Dec. 7, the claims report showed.

The labor market resilience, mostly reflecting historic low layoffs, has been driving the economic expansion through strong consumer spending.

A separate report from the Commerce Department showed stronger economic growth than previously estimated in the third quarter. Gross domestic product increased at an upwardly revised 3.1% annualized rate, the Commerce Department’s Bureau of Economic Analysis said in its third estimate of third-quarter GDP. The economy was previously reported to have expanded at a 2.8% pace last quarter.

Economists forecast GDP would be unrevised. The revision reflected upgrades to consumer spending and export growth, which offset a downward revision to private inventory investment and upward revision to imports.

The economy grew at a 3.0% pace in the April-June quarter. It is expanding at a pace that is well above what Fed officials regard as the non-inflationary growth rate of around 1.8%.

Consumer spending, which accounts for more than two-thirds of economic activity, grew at a 3.7% pace. That was revised up from the previously estimated 3.5% rate.

A measure of domestic demand that excludes government spending, trade and inventories increased at a 3.4% pace. Final sales to private domestic purchasers were previously estimated to have risen at a 3.2% rate. Domestic demand increased at a 2.7% pace in the second quarter.

National after-tax profits without inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments decreased $15.0 billion, or 0.4%. They were previously estimated to have risen $0.2 billion, or unchanged in percentage terms.

When measured from the income side, the economy grew at a 2.1% rate last quarter, lowered from the initially estimated 2.2% pace. Gross domestic income (GDI) increased at a 2.0% rate in the second quarter.

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: A sign advertising job openings is seen outside of a Starbucks in Manhattan, New York City, New York, U.S., May 26, 2021. REUTERS/Andrew Kelly/File Photo

In principle, GDP and GDI should be equal, but in practice they differ as they are estimated using different and largely independent source data. Annual benchmark revisions have sharply narrowed the gap between GDP and GDI.

The average of GDP and GDI, also referred to as gross domestic output and considered a better measure of economic activity, increased at a 2.6% rate. That was revised up from the 2.5% rate reported last month. Gross domestic output grew at a 2.5% pace in the April-June quarter.

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Suspect in killing of UnitedHealth executive faces federal murder charge

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By Julio-Cesar Chavez, Jonathan Allen and Luc Cohen

NEW YORK (Reuters) -The suspect in the killing of UnitedHealth Group (NYSE:) executive Brian Thompson is being charged with federal murder and stalking crimes, according to a court document filed on Thursday, alongside state murder and terrorism charges previously announced by New York prosecutors.

Federal prosecutors in Manhattan are charging Luigi Mangione, 26, with the federal crime of murder using a firearm, two charges of stalking and an additional firearms offense, according to a criminal complaint. Prosecutors say that Mangione “traveled in interstate commerce” by taking a bus from Atlanta to New York before Thompson’s killing, and so have jurisdiction.

Mangione was transferred into the custody of New York City police earlier on Thursday after he waived his right to extradition proceedings at a court hearing in Pennsylvania, the state where he was arrested following a five-day manhunt.

According to the complaint, a notebook Altoona police found in Mangione’s possession contained several handwritten pages that “express hostility towards the health insurance industry and wealthy executives in particular.” A notebook entry dated Oct. 22 described an intent to “wack” the chief executive of an insurance company at its investor conference.

A grand jury in New York has indicted Mangione on 11 counts, including first-degree murder and murder as an act of terrorism. Mangione has been in jail since his arrest and has not yet entered a plea. His New York defense lawyer, Karen Friedman Agnifilo, has said Mangione has been “overcharged” and that he would fight the charges in court.

Mangione was arrested in Altoona, Pennsylvania, on Dec. 9, five days after Thompson was fatally shot outside a Manhattan hotel before a company conference in what law-enforcement officials have called a premeditated assassination.

While the killing of Thompson has been broadly condemned, Mangione has been feted as a folk hero by some Americans who decry the steep costs of healthcare and the power that insurance companies have to deny paying for some medical treatments. A small crowd of supporters stood outside the courthouse, some waving signs that condemned the health insurance industry.

Federal charges potentially allow prosecutors to pursue the death penalty, which has been outlawed in New York for decades.

Mangione is due to make an initial court appearance on the federal charges before U.S. Magistrate Judge Katharine Parker in Manhattan on Thursday afternoon.

“The federal government’s reported decision to pile on top of an already overcharged first-degree murder and state terror case is highly unusual and raises serious constitutional and statutory double jeopardy concerns,” Mangione’s lawyer Friedman Agnifilo said in a statement. “We are ready to fight these charges in whatever court they are brought.”

In Pennsylvania, police said Mangione had a self-assembled 9mm handgun in his backpack and a homemade silencer when he was arrested after being spotted at a McDonald’s (NYSE:) restaurant. The handgun resembled the weapon used to kill Thompson, CEO of UnitedHealthcare, the largest U.S. health insurer.

Mangione, a Maryland native who had lived in Hawaii, also had multiple fake identification documents, including a fake New Jersey ID that was used to check into a Manhattan hostel days before Thompson’s shooting, police said.

In Pennsylvania, Mangione has been charged with forgery and illegally possessing an unlicensed gun. 

At the Blair County courthouse on Thursday morning, Mangione, appearing in an orange jail jumpsuit, had a preliminary hearing for the Pennsylvania charges, immediately followed by a second on New York’s extradition request. The Pennsylvania prosecutors told the court they had agreed to pause the Pennsylvania proceedings until after the conclusion of the New York prosecution.

© Reuters. Luigi Nicholas Mangione leaves at Blair County Courthouse in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania U.S., Thursday, Dec. 19, 2024.     Gene J. Puskar/Pool via REUTERS

Mangione spoke only briefly at the extradition hearing, saying he understood his rights and telling Judge David Consiglio he consented to surrender to New York police.

Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg’s office is accusing Mangione of an act of terrorism under New York law because Thompson’s killing was intended to intimidate or coerce civilians or “influence the policies of a unit of government.” 

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Acurast Unveils Processor Lite for iOS: Empowering iPhone Users to Join the DePIN Cloud Rebellion Secured by Polkadot

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Zug, Switzerland, December 19th, 2024, Chainwire

Acurast, a leader in decentralized confidential cloud computing, announces the launch of Acurast Processor Lite for iOS, now available on the Apple (NASDAQ:) App Store. This application allows iPhone users to share their device’s computing power with Acurast’s decentralized confidential cloud network, offering an opportunity to earn rewards in return.

By harnessing the advanced processors in mobile devices, Acurast makes it possible for regular phones to operate as powerful computing providers. With this new expansion to iOS, Acurast’s ecosystem grows bigger, welcoming iPhone users into a network that’s changing the way cloud computing is done. This shift marks a step forward in accessibility and control over how compute power is managed worldwide.

Acurast also takes a unique, sustainable approach: repurposing mobile phones with damaged screens or unused older models into affordable compute resources. These upcycled devices become cost-effective alternatives to traditional servers, bringing sustainability into the heart of cloud infrastructure.

Users providing compute power through Acurast Processor Lite can earn rewards in the form of cACU tokens. Each user can earn up to 250 cACU per month in bootstrapping rewards simply by running the Processor connected to the internet. Additional rewards are earned whenever developers deploy applications on the Acurast Cloud and utilize the user’s Processor resources.

Key Features of Acurast Processor Lite for iOS:

● Providing Compute Power Used By Developers To Deploy Their Applications: Getting started with users’ everyday phones or onboard upcycled devices.

● Broading Compatibility: Supports iPhone 6s and newer models, allowing a wide range of users to participate.

● Secure and Private: Maintains data security and user privacy, giving users peace of mind.

iPhone users can join the Acurast Cloud Rebellion by downloading Processor Lite iOS. Whether with an everyday phone or dedicated upcycled devices, joining means earning rewards and supporting a shift toward a more decentralized, sustainable, and user-driven confidential cloud infrastructure.

Alessandro De Carli, Co-Founder of Acurast shared, “With the launch of Acurast Processor Lite for iOS, we’re taking a significant step toward democratizing cloud computing. By enabling iPhone users to contribute their phones’ compute power, we’re building a more decentralized, secure, and confidential cloud infrastructure. This is not just about technology; it’s about empowering individuals to be part of a global movement that redefines how we think about and utilize computing resources.”

Users can download Processor iOS Lite here: Processor iOS Lite

About Acurast

Acurast is transforming the cloud landscape by championing mobile-powered disruption in decentralized, confidential, and accessible computing. By enabling individuals to contribute compute power from their phones, Acurast is building a decentralized, serverless cloud that democratizes access to computing resources.

Press Contact:

Pascal Brun

Co-Founder

Acurast Association

Email: pascal@acurast.com

ContactComms and PR managerJonathan DuranDistractiveJonathan@distractive.xyz

This article was originally published on Chainwire

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